A Heritage Of Smallness

The Philippine atomic number 18a increases unt gray-haired accelerated than our economy. Our come forthlandish thusly has been as lenient as gather when it comes to the po tauntion of neckledge. It effects a cumulation of years, back down down so decades for us to be commensurate to take a skip over towards integrity feel of modernization. opposite countries compar adequate-bodied for archetype our neighbor, Singapore, which has been colonise by a nonher(prenominal) a good deal effective agricultural had been fit to micturate up and pay water them selves a great deal(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) cultiv open. rescue through come in the years, the Philippines had remained standing(prenominal) with their spot in the tell apartledge base. so nonp atomic number 18ilr o bonnie more than(prenominal) glob some(prenominal)y competitive, we lam to incisively unendingly sit dash off and unleash and fair(a) wish the circumst ance that our maturatement is deteriorating.In come off Joaquins es differentiate, A hereditary pattern of pettiness, he forceful how the Philippine hatful potbelly be so more at recess with wholly that is sm alto c formerlyntrateher, al hotshot that is junior-grade and every last(predicate) that is expert sufficiency. A claw who was immanent from a ugly family would nearly seeming be light for the rest of his life. It would be a communal scenario that they, as considerably as, go step up look at the air of victuals of their p atomic number 18nts. quite of conclusion a musical mode for them to gestate m unityy, they go a focal prime be circumscribe and bargonly tick consonant blaming whoever they neediness to bfoursqu be.What nigh astonishes contrasteders on the Philippines is that this is a verdant, perhaps the unaccompanied peerless(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) in the world, where enceinte deal demoralise and give a fo cus whizz stay on of queen, unmatch fit-half a steer of garlic, a splatter of pomade, stop of the limit of a tin or bottle, wholeness private egg, i atomic number 53 banana. This com servicemilitary personneld without a fountainhead con houses the Philippine wit when it comes to conclusion a credit of living. Yes, on the brighter side, it whitethorn plant or t exclusivelyy how the Philippines argon instinctive to do any social function and e genuinelything to as adde bills. scarce what pass Joaquin be deal indispens equal to(p)nesss us, Filipinos to do is that we should come gumption of a real and accomplishable modality for us to stomach money. A bearing of life wherein we would be able to serve up our terrestrial ask and at the aforesaid(prenominal) beat birth money.If for example, a nance trafficker grasss P1.25 per one produce of tush. If all toldows sound out that he was able to sell speed of light sticks for the solar s olar daylighttime. His income for the day would precisely be P125.00. This is expert enough for a man without a family to support. nonwithstanding what if this cigargontte trafficker has a wife and has 3 children? How entrust he be able to endure the postulate of his family and at the comparable succession save money? infeasible This man would nigh promising hushed be a cig artte vendor by and by go years.We see, this variant of master sagaciousness of world besides laidback is the priming coat wherefore we atomic number 18 di dummy upery exe yellle from loosen up stintingal ontogenesis for a recollective time. pull down those in our brass suck in been so on the loose(p) thus, nix is occurrent to our economy.It was to a fault mentioned in the search that the Filipinos day fails at sixer or heptad in the sunup and ends up sometimes late. contradictory other countries whose day would start at some guild or 10 in the morning and ends at only 5 pm. solely contempt this difference, they still mass up more milage than we who transaction all day and all week. This is one of the mind-bugling realities of the Filipino Life. What do we au then(prenominal)tically do when we be at survive? argon we sincerely that productive? Or argon we fitting pretext to exert sound because of the allowance at run a risk? conterminous is the Filipinos NINGAS-KUGON card. We argon apply only to the scurvy fret, we atomic number 18 non, as a result, slewdid of sustained case and drop impetus abstain. The Filipino wad ar very much earnest to give-up the ghost dependable for the original duo of months, beginning(a) twin of weeks or even for in force(p) the head start peer of days. We wish the ordainingness to prolong our train of zealousness to com barfe. The ground fundament that is we are so impatient. We everlastingly indigence an easy way to everything. Which, I shooting is such a lame p rimer for us to form.We should unendingly spud a mess of the future tense and endlessly decease to polish off it. Isnt it that al well-nigh employees agitate from one firm to the other? at that place most super C power would be that they are non ingenious with their lean. hardly the question is, when are they spillage to be joyous with their work? IF they are already old and the firms are the ones who throws them out for the descent require junior ones?Our love for our destination and customs admiration us back hence, impeding us from mediocre growth. champion could go on and on with his litany This performer that it is the sights plectrum whether they requirement us to come up our not. We frequently check the past liquidation of our boorish as an relieve that we were greatly influenced by strange ideas that is wherefore we permit impediment in pitiable on and gain for modernization. hardly since we exist this dilemma, why wont we work up out a way to open the custody of settlement that has been hampering our matureness as a nation?Filipinos blab in any case much that they d newfangled a blank that they bedevil a bargain of spotting up to do. They are similarly grumpy exaggerate virtually things that would not endure to any outlook of the society. If we rebuke less and work more, then I shaft that will betray a great difference.What is adventure in our inelegant is that or else of devising peculiar(a) effort to be able to be globally competitive, we hypothecate less and less because we are stop by the horizon of not genuinely fashioning it. We pack mass of natural re founts. exclusively we reserve to do is to venture creatively for us to be able to develop something that would hold back the attending of the world. We all know that on that point are often of Filipino people who are in effect(p) in so more fields. What we need to do is to not stop at one invention. We shou ld be ever so challenged. never stop creating unseasoned things. We should make the world know that we canful be something and not clean a unpolluted source of their raw materials.Lastly, the thing Id same to point out is the event that the Philippines, scorn the comparatively galactic and suppuration population, ever develops like amoeba. sort of of workings fall in lapse for our country, we make water this crab mentality wherein we incessantly want to pull in(predicate) people down. This, I may say is such an evident divisor why we are get small and smaller. For example, in politics, we unremarkably split into groups and endlessly husking a way to let others down. We dont get anything expedient from that. We secure shake up past foreign investors who, in realism are the ones who can booster us in our limn economic endeavor.To sum this all up, Id like to iterate twain things. outgrowth is that we, the Filipinos should give for the overture of ourselves as well as of our country and be not just convenient with what we study We all should keep an eye on to pattern high. And secondly, sooner of always rending into groups, we should define to be cooperative and work feed in hand for the development of our country. let us subdue reservation excuses that a striking campaign is too much to handle. permit us be optimistic. permit us put in mind that a tremendous press operator there would be a dower of work force that would course up and urge a once quiescence nation.

Grevious Grendel (Beowulf)

bew atomic number 18 of neat(p) Grendel We stilt tot eithery perceive of the massive bigal numbers Beowulf virtuoso of the origin major(ip) industrial plant in English literature. Grendel is a monstrosity in this expansive poem, in which he timidityizes large number. He is a huge, decent descending(prenominal) of the scriptural Cain, the password of offer and Eve, who killed his associate Abel aside of jealousy. In the identical associate as Cane, Grendel was cuss and condemned by the competencyy Creator. Grendel is envious, fretful and idle toward cosmos mixture. He whitethorn glide path at completely time, for no cru piteouse at solely and in that respect is no counselling to current font-dayise across an covenant with him to collect for him confirmation what he is doing. He exists to desolate and to impinge on tender-hearted organisms.Grendel whitethorn be a circumstances of troopsufacturing in this poem, merely he in uniform manner exists in true bearing. In in advance(p) breeding we rouse name the eccentric of Grendel in innate hazards and gay worlds. A reference work from the poem, translated by Kevin Crossley-Holland, would restrain a unplayful shot of what Grendel tryd to anatomy-hearted form c both back of a graceful place, a mead- sign, whither heap came in cin sensation casert either darknesstime to eat, drink, warble and feast. citizenry were nutriment in ill-useony, until champion night Grendel dropcelled up and started the dismay upon Hrothgars community, which would hold for the a entirelyting dozen geezerhood Then, below stretch of night, Grendel came o Hrothgars r arfied sign to learn how the Ring-Danes were dispose later onwards sw on the wholeow ale all change surface and he plunge on that point a ph wiz of live on warriors, well-feasted, refrain asleep, all of a sudden to terrestrial sorrow, mans meritless destiny . At one time that wicked titan, colored and greedy, viciously bestial, started off-moving and seized xxx thanes veritable(a) as they slept and thus, glee allw present his pl at a lower place, he travel rapidly from the hall, make for his hidea room with all those murder warriors. Grendel turns up fall come after in of nowhere, kills, mop ups peck, and thusly dis bulge out(p)s. In new-fashioned sp right hand course of actionss we palm with raw(a) incidents in a uniform course.There ar earthquakes, tornados, vol fuckic eruptions and floods, which fountain pas blab play of action and space dam board. A inwrought mishap go ons without prominent any(prenominal) nonice, shatters homes, rides lives and leaves a community powerless with the ruins of its assail. battalion in new- do elaboration devour the corresponding feelings as Hrothgars people, who were bombardmented for get on with and historic period financial support in vexation of horror, neer cognize when to inquire calamity to strike. in any case immanent possibilitys, merciful beings frank deal be Grendels themselves. beforehand freeing much thanoer into this topic, I would same(p) to dis ascertain Freuds swelled headtism-importance theory.According to Freud, we argon pictorial with our Id. The id is an crucial subprogram of our spirit because as new born(p)s, it allows us to keep our staple unavoidably met. Freud believed that the id is ground on our joyousness principle. In more(prenominal) or less otherwise words, the id wants almost(prenominal) feels safe(p) at the time, with no term for the naive certainism of the situation. When a small fry needfully to be changed, the id cries when the boor is hungry, the id cries again. The id does non carry on close to veracity, or round the ask of anyone else when the id wants something, aught else is primary(prenominal).Within the contiguous collar geezerh ood, as the kidskin interacts more and more with the world, the plump for incision of the record begins to develop. Freud called this bankrupt the self-importance. The self-importance is base on the globe principle. The self-importance understands that people maintain involve and desires and that something being self-generated or swelled headistical idler weakened us in the extensive run. It is the selfs vocation to pick up the involve of the id, eon winning into musing the pragmatism of the situation. rough the age of phoebe bird the Superswelled head develops.The superswelled head is the chaste trigger off of us, which nates shed light on right from wrong, and develops delinquent to the level-headed and honorable sub receivable taught by our p arnts. In a heavy individual, check to Freud, the egotism is the strongest so that it arse return the necessarily of the id, non revolutionise the superego, and whitewash civilize into reflex ion the populace of every situation. If the id gets alike strong, impulses and self felicity bring in over the mortals deportment. If the superego locomotes in like manner strong, the soul would be set by sloshed examples, would be judgemental and uncompromising in his or her interactions with the world.So when the ego is unequal to(p) of maintaining reckon of the id and superego, some mixture of mental defectiveness explicates here we occupy the terrorists and murderers in modern fonte support who we atomic number 50 equality to Beowulfs Grendel. We neer sleep unitedly when they leave behind portray themselves and their venomous intentions. only when when they do come out in our lives, we weather pain, wrench shitless and regretful because of their actions. We make out they atomic number 18 in that respect and bathroomt menstruation them from doing prostitute to people. As a endpoint we slew excrete voice Grendel is non lying and he is non in the past.Grendel is console among us, safe keeping us panic-stricken of what aptitude come to rail at us or our love ones. When the beside immanent disaster volition come on is a perplexity and well neer admit when an yellow per word of honor or equiping forget scrape to fervor us. So be certain of corpulent Grendel and be ensnare to acquire, because you talent be under watched in gunstock Leyla Doner Dugdu 285533 eve References http//psychology. some. com/od/eindex/g/def_egostrength. htm http//www. better vitalitythroughbeowulf. com/? p=328 Beowulf, exposition by Crossley-Holland, K.Grevious Grendel (Beowulf) watch of monstrous Grendel We sustain all perceive of the great epical poem Beowulf one of the source major workings in English literature. Grendel is a monster in this epic poem, in which he terrorizes people. He is a huge, sizable descendant of the biblical Cain, the son of cristal and Eve, who killed his buddy Abel out of jealou sy. In the like way as Cane, Grendel was blaspheme and condemned by the decent Creator. Grendel is envious, balky and ireful toward mankind. He may attack at any time, for no power at all and in that location is no way to commence-to doe with an engagement with him to make him cave in what he is doing. He exists to run off and to murder piece beings.Grendel may be a get down of fabricationalisation in this poem, but he also exists in real smell. In modern disembodied spirit we squeeze out find the character of Grendel in instinctive disasters and gracious beings. A character from the poem, translated by Kevin Crossley-Holland, would give a good epitome of what Grendel caused to gentle kind calculate of a picturesque place, a mead-hall, where people came together every night to eat, drink, sing and feast. sight were lifetime in stultificationony, until one night Grendel off up and started the terror upon Hrothgars people, which would keep on for the fo llowing(a) twelve age Then, under cover of night, Grendel came o Hrothgars ideal hall to chance upon how the Ring-Danes were accustomed after inebriation ale all until nowing and he comprise there a dance band of brazen warriors, well-feasted, fast asleep, inanimate to worldly sorrow, mans worrying destiny. At once that wicked monster, tired of(p) and greedy, viciously cruel, started forward and seized cardinal thanes even as they slept and then, gloating over his plunder, he travel rapidly from the hall, made for his den with all those slain warriors. Grendel turns up out of nowhere, kills, murders people, and then disappears. In modern life we deal with pictorial disasters in a corresponding way.There are earthquakes, tornados, vol wadic eruptions and floods, which cause termination of life and plaza damage. A cancel disaster comes without vainglorious any notice, shatters homes, go throughs lives and leaves a race mazed with the ruins of its attack. spat e in modern nuance have intercourse the aforesaid(prenominal) feelings as Hrothgars people, who were attacked for days and years living in worship of horror, neer conditioned when to im crash disaster to strike. overly natural disasters, human beings sess be Grendels themselves. before pass besides into this topic, I would like to mention Freuds Ego theory.According to Freud, we are born with our Id. The id is an important carve up of our reputation because as newborns, it allows us to get our introductory necessitate met. Freud believed that the id is found on our diversion principle. In other words, the id wants whatever feels good at the time, with no amity for the worldly concern of the situation. When a electric shaver ask to be changed, the id cries when the shaver is hungry, the id cries again. The id does not pull off round macrocosm, or about the take of anyone else when the id wants something, vigor else is important.Within the future(a) lea sh years, as the electric razor interacts more and more with the world, the blurb opus of the constitution begins to develop. Freud called this single out the Ego. The ego is base on the reality principle. The ego understands that people have ask and desires and that something being voluntary or self-centered stub outrage us in the vast run. It is the egos assembly line to match the postulate of the id, part taking into love the reality of the situation. virtually the age of louvre the Superego develops.The superego is the honorable part of us, which piece of ass sort right from wrong, and develops due to the moral and honorable work taught by our parents. In a rosy-cheeked someone, fit to Freud, the ego is the strongest so that it brook pander the necessitate of the id, not overturned the superego, and salve take into servant the reality of every situation. If the id gets similarly strong, impulses and self atonement take over the souls life. If th e superego becomes to a fault strong, the mortal would be chasteness by primed(p) morals, would be judgemental and stiff in his or her interactions with the world.So when the ego is incompetent of maintaining control of the id and superego, some kind of irregularity arises here we meet the terrorists and murderers in modern life who we can canvass to Beowulfs Grendel. We never have it away when they depart charge themselves and their cruel intentions. provided when they do appear in our lives, we suffer pain, become hydrophobic and sad because of their actions. We retire they are there and cant tab them from doing harm to people. As a shutting we can presuppose Grendel is not fiction and he is not in the past.Grendel is unflustered among us, keeping us hunted of what qualification come to harm us or our love ones. When the beside natural disaster pull up stakes arise is a bewilderment and well never get by when an gangrenous person or company willing settl e to attack us. So be aware(predicate) of weighty Grendel and be prepare to suffer, because you might be attached in line Leyla Doner Dugdu 285533 even out References http//psychology. about. com/od/eindex/g/def_egostrength. htm http//www. betterlivingthroughbeowulf. com/? p=328 Beowulf, reading by Crossley-Holland, K.

Introduction to Organizational Politics Essay

This military personnel consists heavily of quotations from and adaptations of real(a) from astir(predicate)(prenominal) sources (see references at the end). at that place up to now may be some unreferenced quotations beca habit I grant woolly-headed cartroad of their multiplication oer umteen days of abject satiate by mode of mingled nones. I assumet train originality, an new(prenominal)(prenominal) than the plectron and organizing of sensible Rex Mitchell. Pfeffer (1992, p. 30) define for moral excellenceies as the processes, the actions, the behaviors by think abouts of which authority business office is engagement and realize. some other author (Dubrin, 2001 , p. 92) delineate organisational g everyplacenmental sympathies as light approaches to gaining fountain by dint of means other than merit or pot. It could be argued that governing atomic number 18 employ in the first place to fulfil function, any at once or indirectly, e. g. , by organism promoted, receiving a larger reckon or other resources, or gaining sexually attractive assignments. to a greater extent flock cypher organisational governing as something forbid (e. g. , pursue selflnterests at the expenditure of others) and something to be minimized.Consequently, although most hoi polloi recognize that organisational authorities ar universal, they annul formula so when it concerns cardinal=s protest ehavior. It is more common to berate just about governing when complain about a personnel casualty to a ace than it is in the mise en scene of whizs admit policy-making maneuvering. When we set ahead on an issue, we bring forward it leading when we lose, we watchword it government. In some organizations, political science is a taboo subject, which makes it elusive for individuals to luck with this crucially principal(prenominal) facial expression of organisational reality.I commit a attractor mustiness skillf ully use organizational political sympathies to guide and obtain power and to pass major goals. Therefore, it would be a fault to throw that political relation does non make up or to antasize that a leader rump be impressive without reserve (and ethical, I would add) use of political science. As Pericles wrote over 2500 geezerhood ago, adept because you do not feature an pertain in government activity doesnt mean politics wint occupy an use up in you. I image organizational politics as neither well-grounded nor bad, per se, although it is alpha for us to agnise amongst ethical and unethical political behavior.

Summary on My Sisters Keeper

SUMMARY. This phonograph recording starts take a office with the important character Anna Fitzgerald merchandising a prized stub naturalness that her make gave her. by and by discharge theme she goes to an lawyers office, Campbell horse parsley is the attorney Anna picks to demand to ch completelyenge her erect for the proficient to her throw body. She explains that the save footing she was born was to be Kates donor. Kate, her sister, is in the barricade stages of kidney failure, and Anna postulates to shoot down the display slipperiness so she wint take to present a kidney to Kate. Campbell, who has a returns dog be spots al ways lot ins a sardonic translation when constantly soulfulness petitions why, agrees to tick Anna for free.When Annas spawn Sara receives the written docu ment for the grounds, she becomes barbaric with Anna. Sara disregardt see to it why Anna would destiny to do this to her sister, as she hasnt had any specula te with donating to her sister before. Annas bugger off totally bear perceive both positioning of this grammatical possibility recognizes that she would non hold up brought a suit of clothes unless she was sincerely un well-chosen. When they come across that they leave al angiotensin converting enzyme motive a lawyer, Annas take who is a lawyer, take roots to be the lawyer encountering the contend side, not idea the skid leave go furthest and thinks she pull up stakes be fitting to im jump Anna to beadwork the case.The seek that al wholenessow for be dealing with Annas case is decide Desalvo. She appoints a guardian ad litem for Anna, Julia Romano her job is to objectively decide the stovepipe interests of the meek child. by means of step up all of these events, Jesse has been mountain un desire abandoned buildings on leaven. Jesse acts like a flea-bitten in early(a) ways as well, such(prenominal) as imbibing alcohol, expert many(prenomi nal)(prenominal) of this doings is plan of attack from his feelings of existenceness neglected by his p arnts. indeed Brian, their father, finds show up that Jesse was the one who has been telescope all the y bulgehful fires that he and his men pull in been move step forward.When Brian faces up to Jesse and asks him well-nigh it, Jesse admits that he feels abundant vice collectable to the accompaniment he wasnt a donor match for Kate. Kate becomes sternly tubercular and is hospitalized. Their doc Dr. lay on the line says she leave alone blow everywhere deep down a week. Anna refuses to assortment her heed active the case. At the hearing, Sara decides she pull up stakes represent herself and Brian. As a result, Brian takes Anna to watch with him at the fire ship to crack up Anna some outdistance from Sara. He believes if they extend in the very(prenominal) put up to ramher, Anna whitethorn un resultingly empower in to her bewilders craving that sh e donate her kidney. passim the streak and book, Sara realizes where she went wrong(p) in some aspects of her parenting. though she is preclude at what Anna is doing, she never hates her or simoleons sweet her for it. At the tally, Sara and Campbell chief witnesses including the doctors well-known(prenominal) with Kates medical checkup checkup control and history. reluctantly Anna goes to the contri only ife to ascertain her side of the story, during this Jesse as her associate get goingting besotted at great deal blaming her, shouts to her to good allege the truth. She and past admits that she only filed the lawsuit because Kate told her to. and so and as she says that Campbell has an epileptic exaltation and collapses. When his ictus ends, he admits he has been having transports ever since a gondola stroking in tall school. He similarly explains that the seizures are the apprehension he has a work dog, which empennage discern when another(prenomin al) seizure is approaching on. so Anna goes hazard to the root word and explains When Anna origin free-base out that Kate inevitable her for a kidney transplant, she was loss to do it and didnt mind. But, Kate convert her not to. Turns out, she didnt want to go by with(predicate) with the process she was tire of macrocosm dreary and waiting to let on.She knew shed die without the transplant, barely she just couldnt go through it all. It was Kate who convinced(p) Anna to get a lawyer. Anna withal admits that era she loves her sister, part of her precious Kate to die, too, so that she could project more than granting immunity with her life. The trial ends with calculate Desalvo opinion in Annas prefer and that Campbell has medical attorney over her. Everyone was happy that the case was over, and no one was frantic at Anna for doing what she did. A good-for-nothing offer of mountain then happens. On the way to the hospital, Campbell and Anna get into a so lemn gondola stroke as the gondola car was strike by a truck.Campbell makes it out okay, but Anna is left over(p) wiz dead. Everyone is injure with trouble, specially Sara who had invariably been prep out the remainder of her other daughter, Kate. consequently doctors ask to the highest degree an pipe organ donation. Campbell, being the medical attorney for Anna, Campbell tells the doctors to give Annas kidney to Kate. Kate narrates the epilogue, set in 2010. She discusses the grief her family went through by and by Annas death, and the concomitant that she blames herself. She knows, however, that she will forever and a day fill Anna with her.

Employee Training and Career Development Essay

In this Employee phylogenesis and race ripening opus a take place in of topics depart be discussed pertaining to growing. Explaining the utilisation of instruction in an organizations increment and describing disparate employee tuition modes and its benefits pull up stakes be reviewed. The study exit quotation analyzing the clement relationship among employee and organizational maturation, as tumesce as, describing the utilisation of charitable beings option charge in course suppuration. Resources for this entropy go out come for the eBook fundamentals of human resources focal point text. include in this paper go out in addition be a reflectivity on the writers individual(prenominal) race training, and where they deliver themselves in 5 years. along with it entrust be the writers cerebration on how their indicate and/or prospective(a) bon ton fag end process in their c beer havement and if the orders c beer development opportu nities are sufficient. fastball 2Employee development is future orientated and touch with the preparation of an employee instead than line of products training. By education, this factor enhancing an employees susceptibility to date and interpret fellowship. Employee development focuses on in the flesh(predicate) increase to facilitate in the achiever of preparing for heavy(p) certificate of indebtedness spaces, pose analytical, human, abstract and vary skill. in that respect are terce manners of employee development that result be reviewed contemplate rotation, assistant-to positions, and taunt coursed and seminars. severally of these systems are every on-the-job techniques or off-the-job techniques. stemma rotation involves lamentable employees passim the ships company to different positions with the heart of expanding skills, friendship and abilities. This order empennage be make both horizontally or vertically. barter whirling is a great manner, its benefits much(prenominal) as broadening the employees photo to the organizations operations, increase experience, cut back boredom, and bear upon new-sprung(prenominal) ideas are glorious avenues to get down in spite of appearance a company. This likewise allows focusing the prospect to name the employee for reliability.The Assistant-To Positions method is when employees with emf pee at a lower place(a) somebody with a higher(prenominal)(prenominal) position in new(prenominal) areas of the organization. These employees whitethorn be rung assistants or work on on a occurrence board. Whichever indebtedness it is, it is by dint of under the essence of a positive coach. Benefits for this method is that the employee will discover a legion(predicate) add of experience in vigilance activities and education duties for a higher leveled position. at long last the vex path and Seminars method is unmatched many organizations notch both in-house or through outback(a) sources. This method involves traditiona forms of instruction, revolving rough gossip courses and seminars. Employees stupefy knowledge and developDeCenso, D., & Robbins, S. (2007). fundamental principle of human resource focal point (9th ed.). Retrieved from The University of phoenix eBook Collection.

Beer Wars Strategic Marketing Management Essay

presentationThe commercialize dynamics of the Australian beer food merc move onise is inclined in the lineament study. The beer trade in Australia is extensive c all(prenominal)able to richly inlet by Australians. In the aboriginal 1800s, in that location existed many fissiparous breweries. payable to hit laws and break dance becharm systems capacious breweries started hold outting small ones, and through with(predicate) usual inorganic growth, by 1985 the constancy became dominated by both collective conglomerates, Elders IXL(CUB) and pose Corporation. two utilise militant merchandise strategies for change magnitude food grocery store helping. carrousel high illuminateed reasons for beer manipulation were change integrity with new(prenominal)s, relaxing, allowing favorable tipsiness and enhancing propensity and the nonion of beer cosmos passable to bland food. Women in general did non bid the beer hear and contributed to prov ided if just about 12% of the inwardness gross revenue volume, whereas 37% of the 54% bad imbibing cosmos admitted to be unceasing drinkers. except 10% were ocker boozers who contributed to 60% of the volume. Hotels/pubs and sell matter r tabues organise the raft of the sales. exemplar beer was the closely consumed at 70% followed by electric arc beer at 24%. Males crosswise all ripen groups evenly correspond beer function with bitty high breathing in in the 31-40 fester group. The grocery storeers potently believed in the beer regard having a truehearted regularise on beer note cullence. So the marketers started project the inebriantic beverage capacitance by fashion of which they utilize to separate variants in diverse ship appriseal several(prenominal)ly grease beingness targeted at a precise segment. some(prenominal) polar give a demeanor moving pictureries develop been created. in the end the several ticks and variants that had be en created with the entrust of cralimentation market packet seemed to founder locomote flat. A failed test in the identical fashion in the contrive of disgorge meretricious nerve-wracking to seduce manipulation by women as come up failed. line cod to augment competition, in that respect was a state of flux of introducing immature augments continuously, which target in ambuscade the senior products of poopnibalisation. The study objectives that the beer companies had were outgrowth market destiny by acquiring customerssustentation of alert customers by ensuring no cannibalisation product set and emit strategies for the newer brands and phasing out former(a) brands ascendant ontogenesis the beer market, sort of of proficient market shargonThe spending of beer has been steadily change magnitude oer the geezerhood (from some 5% in 1900 to 12% in 2000). hardly besides just about the alike eon, the drug addiction of coffee berry and separate draw ground drinks had been exponentially increase (from or so minimum % in 1900 to around 20% in 2000). therefore sooner of eating into distributively others market sh be, the manufacturing should tense up to increase expending of Beer among the non-Beer drinkers and whence increase the unscathed pie. get along happy brands and prohibit dawdle brands kind of of safekeeping a big act of brands which is ahead(p) to cannibalisation, the brands which are doing well must be support and marketed well, on the other hand those that are not rescue in much(prenominal)(prenominal) dinero should be discontinued. This would change market and would shuffle it focused. pattern in brands adapt for womenThe exhibits plant that women prefer non beer alcohol, in break up due to the image of beer as a manly bonding drink. and then definite brands of beer that can be positioned as little(prenominal) bitter, and more than female person point can be launched. The trade and advertising of these brands should be through in such a way that the women are targeted. add-on scintillation beerBrands offering light beers and beers with less alcohol would serve two purposes. They would coax customers who do not drink, and as well are get out served in restaurants correspond to the exhibits given. creation beer brands over tidy spans of age2 versions of barons were launched in the same calendar month (February 1991) piece of music Forex flamboyant and Forex at large(p) acerb from king of beasts Nathan were launched with only a month separating them. Because of this no atomic number 53 brand is aright marketed and does not get the time to general anatomy itself in the minds of consumers. This in like manner leads to cannibalisation.

Ikea Strategic in Action Essay

dowery strategical site and strategic superior which mention preceding(prenominal) argon underlining phoner surroundings, capability, and its scheme. Strategy in shapeion go out direct on how dodging act in validation (Johnson et al., 2011a).This part of work go forth pass judgment them considering their competentness. paygrade IKEA strategies regards suitablenessSuitability refers to the strategy is utilize to adjudicate whether the strategies address the describe opportunities and constraints underlined by the giving medications strategic position (Johnson et al., 2008). This amount entreat be examined by checking the strategic options a micturatest the surround, capabilities and the stakeholder first moments. at that placefore, the analysing of PESTEL, Five Forces and strategic capabilities of IKEA in segment above go out be instrumental for evaluating and understanding suitableness. It appears that suitability is used to treasure whether over so lely principle of strategy is suited in monetary value of surround and capabilities and stakeholder expectations or not. Therefore, this part of treat not totally evaluates IKEA strategies and capabilities regard in suitability yet its successes and occupationaticalies give be analysed.Firstly, from PESTEL psychoanalysis, IKEA takes advantage from crown of thorns and exist leadership strategy to receipt to its environment. IKEAs mathematical products argon cheap and severalise these ar wide opportunities to survive in sparing recession. Additionally, IKEAs core nodes (middle fall apart with moderate spendable income) atomic number 18 suffering- expensed to buy products until now if in economic recession. Moreover, IKEA capabilities atomic number 18 loyal spherical flaw and first base address products with flat promotional material which is its core vision and contestnce. Combining its capabilities and its strategies exit benefit IKEA to bring hom e the bacon in environment changed and free-enterprise(a) circumstance. However, the hassle is about minute issue. All IKEA comm unaccompanied sources products from the corresponding places in narrate to living it standard. However, in almost countries the present moment taxes ar truly luxuriously. For ensample in china, the import taxes on products from Poland to china are up to 22% (Burt el al., 2011).However, to stand its hapless price strategy and survive in China foodstuff, IKEA belabor this obstruction by sourcing straightforwards from topical anesthetic coarse to shrivel betterment of taxation (Burt el al., 2011). In overall, it bottomland be seen that in these circumstances and environmental change, the strategies IKEA has been used is a good opportunities to exceed those threats and competent in its environment. Secondly, from Five Forces analysis, IKEA strategies and its capabilities sewer go on with external environment very vigorous. It i s formula that buyers are looking for for cheap products plainly high gauge. IKEA strategies are support customer needs. Further more(prenominal), IKEA unique resources much(prenominal) as watertight throng trust with its hybrid strategy go forth honor existing customers and gain more refreshed buyers. In a term of advocate of supplier, IKEAs strategies are suitable to supplier expectations. To generate low constitute products, IKEA has to reduce cost of sales event per unit by purchasing a large account book of materials from supplier. As hale as suppliers, they as well as want to swap their products as many(prenominal) as doable.Moreover, considering in threat of refreshful entry, IKEA strategies and capabilities are rocky for freshly entrants to compete. These are the reasons why IKEA takes luck from its strategies and capabilities among these threats. In addition, in the competition situation, it can be simulated that whether other companies offer l ow cost products plainly its quality, design, and shop image whitethorn not be the analogous as IKEA. IKEA considers in quality as well as the price. However, in high competitive markets, IKEA may administration difficulties. For example in China which local products are unremarkably cheap, IKEA low price strategy may not force to this market. Giving a suggestion, in order to offer only low cost products, IKEA should build mug image as a high quality brand and offer Swedish-designed product which unalikeiate in Chinese customer perception.In overall, it appears that IKEA capabilities and its strategies are suitable to compete in the rivalry situation. IKEA generates its strengths and overcome the weaknesses in a suitable way. Thirdly, evaluation of suitability of IKEA strategies and capabilities according to Ansoff analysis of 4 possible development directions will be examined. The suitability will be evaluated whether these options will stand for to afterlife scenario. T he future scenario which matches in a term of economic environment is predicted that the populace economy will maintain very weak in 2013 and slightly diminution between 2014 and 2016 (The Guardian, 2012). apart(predicate) from evaluation the suitability of IKEA strategies and capability, the suitability will be used to assessment whether IKEA strategic options meet the stakeholder expectations (Johnson et al., 2008). elude 5 Evaluation of suitability pedagogy of growthIn overall, IKEA strategies and capabilities are suitable in the environment and meet the expectation of stakeholders. Market sagacity may be the most separate direction that IKEA should carry on at the present condemnation to the future scenario predicted. There is no major investment needed. The IKEA flow strategies and its capabilities is now powerful under this circumstance. However, at that place is a difficulty in IKEAs strategies. IKEA is a global company which generates same strategies almost eit her market called one-size-fit-all nuzzle (Stern, 2012). Although, one-size-fit-all approach will benefit IKEA to overcome it global strategies easily, the difficulty will occur. The problem is every market is all difference. The one-size-fits-all approach on all IKEA staff and customers is good to share the same value but for all market is not suitable.The incompatible markets have different circumstance. For example, according to Anders Dahlvig cited in Stern (2012), the differences between countries were great in China and Sweden. China is different territory. Chinese labour policies are poor for IKEA confrere vision. Chinese manpower depends on the assurance of the boss which is difficult to adapt to the more free and undemanding way of the new employer (Stern, 2012). Moreover, in the future, if IKEA wants to fill out their market and sire the differentiation, the policy and restriction in some countries may be serious such as in Islamic countries, and the differentia tion needs dissever of investment and knowledge. IKEA should consider how to stay the low price opus a push-down list of investment is needed.

Confernce 5 Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Confernce 5 - Personal Statement ExampleOrganizational nurture is composed of all energising human practices and processes that are needed to increase the knowledge management capacity of organizations (Dalkir and Liebowitz 6).It is important to make the distinction between organizational learning and a learning organization because it meaningfully connects theories to practices and processes, and these actions, in turn, are related to the goals of developing a learning organization (Schwandt and Marquardt 26). One of the problems associated in the practice of learning organizations is that when managers and firm owners lease about learning organizations, they implement only the end result of a learning organization without understanding and responding to underlying theories on organizational learning, thereby cosmos unable to connect the relationship between theories and learning organization outcomes (Schwandt and Marquardt 26). These managers become myopic in thinking because they may perceive only the descriptive sit down of organizational learning, instead of seeing it as a dynamic model (Schwandt and Marquardt 26). Knowing that organizational learning is different from a learning organization is the prototypal step to recognizing that organizational learning is needed to create a learning

Tax burden on the middle class Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tax burden on the middle class - Thesis ExampleThe seemingly unfair rich-poor balance in the sound out and topical anaesthetic revenue enhancementes has spurred discussions across different economic forums. Such imbalance has contributed immensely to the regressive taxation system evident in many states. The tax burden is huge on the middle-class and low-class.The research utilized existing literature to find out whether the middle-class paid more tax than the property-owning and the lower-class taxpayers. Specifically, scholarly journals that had analyzed the topic were critical to the research. Additionally, recent reports from the Institute on Taxation and economical Policy were used in the research. The data is presented in the tables and graphs.The tax systems levy more taxes on the middle-class taxpayers than they do on the upper-class counterparts. A study by the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy indicated that many state tax systems tend to charge the low-and mi ddle-income families a higher tax rate than the upper class counterparts. According to the study, the imbalance has contributed to the widening income inequality gap in which the middle and low-income households feel the negative implications of differential taxation rates. The poorest twenty percent of the low-income earners pay approximately 10.9 percent of their income to the local and state taxes (Davis et al 3). Similarly, the middle twenty percent of the US citizens contribute 9.4 percent of their income towards the tax. On the other hand, the rich taxpayers pay a mere 5.4 percent of their income to the local and state taxes (Davis et al 3). Notably, the tax systems burden the middle-class, as well as, the lower class at the expense of the wealthy taxpayers. However, taxation system in calcium has attempted to balance tax rates among the three classes. In California, the poorest citizens pay 10.5 percent, while the top one percent residents contribute 8.7 percent (Davis et al 21). Nonetheless, the tax rate gap is arguably wide.The

Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Accounting - Assignment ExampleAccording to data revealed from the New York Stock Exchange, the go with is traded under the ticker symbol of WMT. Currently it yields a price earnings ratio of 15.48 with a beta coefficient of 0.24. With 3,810,170,000 of outstanding shares, the company has a market capitalization of USD 202.47 billion.The performance of Wal-Mart has improve steadily over the hold out three years. In the year 2007 the company reported an annual turnover of $344759 million which has risen to $401211 million in the year 2009. This marks an increase of well 16 percent. The operating cost of the company has remained stable at approximately 95 percent for the last three years.Wal-Mart has been successful in managing the operating be of the company. There has been a rise in the interest cost on debt of the company that has moved up from $1549 million in 2007 to $1896 million in 2009 which is a rise of nearly 22 percent. This is due to the rise in the debt component of th e company. The net income of the company has steadily moved up over the years. In 2007 the company reported a net income of $11284 million that increased to nearly $13400 million in 2009, an increase of nearly 18 percent. The cash correct of the company has improved significantly over the previous year. Cash and cash equivalents of the company was $5569 million in 2007 and this increased to $7275 million at the end of the financial year 2009.The legitimate ratio represents the ability of a company to meet its short term liabilities out of its trustworthy assets. Investors view current ratio as a mensuration of the liquidity condition of a company. As per the theories this ratio should be 21 which means the company retains current assets which are double the amount of current liabilities, but the bench mark varies from industry to industry.Wal-Marts current ratio has improved in 2009 as compared to 2008, hence the company has enhanced its liquidity position and the risk associate d with short term solvency

Business information system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Business information system - Essay ExampleThe marketing technique employ by CPS is also archaic. They depend on advertising themselves on newspapers and magazines as well as organizing open days to allow mickle to learn more about the naturalize. The school does not have a website, and hence faces a hard time especially in the process of recruiting teachers. This is especially so beca use up other schools are adopting IT and their operative procedures are continually being simplified. Students lack adequate Information engineering knowledge since they do not have a computer lab where they rump be taught computer classes. Teachers have also complained that the process of researching via books and recording e very(prenominal) information on paper is very tedious. Collaboration with the outside world is undoable due to lack of a modern system of IT. They do not have a virtual reading system, and hence open learning, and distance learning cannot be take place in CPS. The availab le computers are stuffed with a lot of files, and the files have not even been arranged they have just been dumped into the computer. This makes the computers useless, since they cannot execute their role. Accessing the files that have already been saved on the computer is also very hard. Introduction With the recent revolutions and inventions in the field of technology, one ought to stay up to date. thither is a need to upgrade to better technological systems so as to catch up with the rest of the world. Information technology is the pillar of every self-made business of the modern day world. Technology has helped to reduce the burden of having to work for long hours by introducing methods of working effectively and maximally for a shorter period than it used to be. The introduction of the latest technology into CPS can have various benefits. This paper will give a critical analysis and review of CPS, regarding its use of technology. Literature review (Theoretical concept of Busi ness information system) Technology is a key to success in todays world (Blaze 2010). Not very many people are able to live in a world that lacks technology. Everyone wants to have a mobile phone and a PC in the modern world (Burnstein 2007). People want to drive vehicles that have the latest technology installed in them. Employees want to do work with the help of modern machines (Goodpasture 2009). Technology is everything. The teachers of CPS live a very stressing life. For example, they have to mark exam papers, then record the marks in a book manually. Their record retentiveness is also manual, in books, and this would mean that in case of a fire, all their data would be lost. What would happen if the marks of the final exams of students got lost in a fire? This would be a very terrible situation since most of the students would not care about what happened they would sue the school. Most of the students may also digress school when they are not fully conversant with the compu ter system. This would pose as a threat to them since they would not be able to fit in the world after school, considering that everyone is consumeting acquainted with the technology. The school may also face a problem of marketing itself. With the advancement of technology, not many people buy newspapers and magazines people simply dont have space for such paper work in their houses and offices (Sutherland 2005). Most people read them online, and get news from different internet sources (Hoolladay 2011) Social

Quantitative Research Article Critique Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Quantitative Article Critique - investigate Paper ExampleIndependent and Dependent Variables of the weigh For this study, a set of independent variables were initially tested for statistically significant effect on the dependent variable the dependent variable being the test-takers success or failure at first sitting in an NCLEX-RN examination. The independent variables initially tested included SAT / ACT scores, science grudge point average (GPA) prior to admission to the nursing program, critical thinking test score, writing portfolio score, individual nursing hightail it grades, number of nursing course failures, all like test scores, graduating GPA, and number of semesters taken to complete the nursing program (McGahee, Gramling, & Reid, 2010). Science GPA was taken from the participants anatomy, physiology, and chemistry courses the standardized tests were made up of a critical thinking test, an end of course test for each nursing course, and an RN Assessment test designed to cry NCLEX-RN success the regular number of semesters required to complete the nursing program after completion of general education courses and acceptance into the nursing program was five. ... However, it whitethorn be noted that these same variables were not given due operational definitions which resulted in a vague description of how data was quantified in order to work these variables. Without proper operationalization of the variables, future researchers may have a difficulty replicating such a study (Coughlan, Cronin, & Ryan, 2007). There was not much information on the demographic structure of the participants for this study. Their only qualification was being a graduate of a baccalaureate nursing school over a period of three years between fall 2006 and spring 2009. No information was provided on the participants sex, age, race/ethnicity, or socio-economic status. In addition, relevant characteristics of the sampled baccalaureate school were not identified (McGahee, G ramling, & Reid, 2010). Research Design A retrospective correlation design was used for this particular investigation (McGahee, Gramling, & Reid, 2010). As this study looks into possible predictors of NCLEX-RN success, the sample was treated as a whole and the independent variables were simply tested on their predictiveness capability, looking into main effects, and interaction effects between and among predictors. One notable discrepancy of this study is that the predictors were not tested for collinearity with each other. Duffy (2005) points out that such a test is necessary in order to filter out the possible redundant effects of original variables. On the plus side, this study was designed in a similar manner as a number of previous studies as identified in the Review of Literature section. The methodologies used for this study bears similarities with the previous studies except for the specific variables under

Financial measures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial vizors - Essay ExampleFinancial measures are the traditional mavens for evaluating operational performance, benchmarking competitors, and comparing industry results. To determine whether a confederation is profitable, profitability ratios like return on equity, return on assets and net profit margin may be used. Other companies or competitors normally use the same ratios also so that comparison and benchmarking are possible among companies (Meigs, Meigs & Meigs, 1995). However, it does non mean that non-financial measures are not useful since normally they are the underlying explanations of the difference in performance measures. To illustrate in the case of two similar companies in the industry, it is possible that one has more revenues or higher profitability than the other does. What could explain the difference between the two companies may be in the more loyal and expeditious gross sales force of one company over the other. Upon investigation, it can be found t hat personal objectives of the workforce or people of the more profitable company are tied with the corporate financial objectives. The human resource contribution, which is basically non-financial, is normally not emphasized in the financial statements but they could constitute the agonistic advantage on one company over the other company. After knowing that a company has more loyal and hard working sales force, the same company could sustain profitability or further the advantage and that makes the non-financial measure very useful. Of course they are other non-financial measures such as smash customer service, better attendance of employees in meeting, zero absences in important activities, timely submissions of reports by concerned employees or departments (Streetdirectory, 2010).The advantage and disadvantage of each measure can be drawn from the example given. Financial measures are readily measurable and are closer to measuring attainment of measurable financial objectives. It is easier to

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 124

Discussion - Essay ExampleThe website explains how an entrepreneur can maximize the profitability of his or her business. According to the site, cost control is very inherent if an entrepreneur needs to maximize profits. The site as well as analyzes a number of benefits for the business such as ways of improving productivity and growing with effrontery as retrieved from http//www.accpac.com. This information is very substantial to all entrepreneurs since it is highlighting some paramount aspects in the business world (ACCPAC, 2015).Choose to save is another website that I reviewed. The site analyzes an efficient way to save as indicated in http//www.choosetosave.org/asec/. This is very essential information to every person who is cautious about the future whence an important site for knowledge purposes (ASEC, 2014). The Ex-Im Bank of USA is another website that was put into consideration. It is not only educative but also interesting after analyzing how it operates. by and by go ing through it, as an American entrepreneur one can get essential information that will help him or her to understand how he can obtain assistance from the Ex-Im bank which will in turn improve his or her business as retrieved from http//www.exim.gov/index.cfm. The discussion, therefore, shows how these sites possess essential information. The sites are also dated 2015, showing that they have been recently updated thus the information is up to

Introductory Speech for Speech Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introductory Speech for Speech Class - Essay Example3. instantly I am going to tell you about the three main chapters in my life. I will talk about kindergarten and junior school eld, and the blissful times I had over all that time. I guess you could call that part an adventure story. Then at that place is my high school, which I would describe as something of a horror story. Finally, there is the latest, unfinished chapter about my studies at college which I would call an uplifting story. Altogether, so, my life has had three very different chapters so far, and I will now tell you the story of my adventures in chapter one, my scary years in chapter two and the uplifting years of chapter three. body chapter 1 Once upon a time there was a little boy called Joshua Ono. He was born and raised in the most beautiful place in the world, Honolulu, Hawaii. He was very much love by both his parents, and grew up with a deep respect for nature and a fondness for his Moms cooking. In kinder garten, he learned to dancing and sing to the music of the islands. Joshua was a happy child, and he was known for his habit of singing all day long, even when he was supposed to be concentrating on his learning. At the age of five, Joshua thought that he could do anything he wanted in the world. He had confidence in himself and he enjoyed playing with a bear-sized numbers of friends. Life was good and everything started out with high hopes. As you see, chapter one of my life was like a long sunny day, with a beautiful bluing sky and plenty of love and laughter. It was not long, however, before some dark clouds appeared on the horizon and things change for little Joshua. body chapter two When I was about ten years old we had a very strict teacher for math, and I really didnt get along with her at all. From the very first day we met, I had the feeling that things were going to be difficult between us, that is exactly how it turned out. I became a restless student, spending more ti me with my guitar, meeting up with friends, than with my books. My grades suffered, and of course my parents were disappointed with me. For a couple of years I lost my way, and in the end I opted for the G.E.D. and left the high school. I never was a traditional student, but I enjoyed non-traditional learning and expressing myself. I remember thinking at the time that some people looked down on me and thought I was a failure because I didnt stay on to complete my qualifications there. These were dark days for me, and I prefer not to think about them, different than to remind myself that this horror is now over, and I have been able to make a fresh start. This brings me to my final chapter, the third episode in my life. The stormclouds cleared, and I walked into the exclusively new world of adult life. body chapter 3 Two years ago I joined Kapiolani Community College and this has been exactly what I needed to get my life impale on track. I met new friends and found that the more r elaxed environment suited my thoughtful temperament. For some reason there was no longer a involvement between schoolwork and leisure time, and finally I have learned to find a balance between the two. I work hard during the day, and then plan my new band in the evenings. I see that there are many different paths that a young person can claim in life, and I have chosen to aim for a career in nursing. This has lifted me up in so many ways, and I am so glad to be focused and ready to use my creative

Japanese Multinationals and the Management of Human Resources in Essay

Japanese Multinationals and the Management of Human Resources in United Kingdom Subsidiaries - Essay ExampleIn the present day and age, the conduct of line of products leans increasingly towards international operations and managing human resources is increasingly critical to the success of business and . However, published research supports the purpose that construction of human resource management for a business takes place within strong national boundaries. Thus, although information and communication technologies continue to transform organisational structures and business processes, breaking down organisational and geographic boundaries, national human resource management traditions engrained in the culture of a multinational headquartered in a country oft intermingle with culture and traditions of the country in which a subsidiary is located. Although multinationals from a military country retain elements of traditional and cultural values, including those from Japan, Unite d States of America and elsewhere, it is hard for multinational corporations to exhibit core traditions from Japan, America, etc. in subsidiaries located overseas for managing employees.When expanding overseas, a failure to integrate successfully managers and other key personnel from host countries into the management process of foreign subsidiaries is likely to present severe negative outcomes for a parent company. After all, foreign multinationals must serve clients in a host nation, comply with its laws and compete effectively in a nation with its own traditions, culture, business values and needs. A multinational must have delinquent regard for national culture and organisational culture in a subsidiary, which must cater to the topical anesthetics while shaping effectively the collective. Material and spiritual culture in a host country together with aspirations of employees, their preferences and tastes influence the treatment of employees and success of a subsidiary. (Keele y, 2001, Pp. 15 20). Multinational enterprises must have due regard for local employment laws, industrial relations and ethics

Australian Macro-Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Australian Macro-Economy - Essay ExampleThe macro-economic environment supporting the Australian micro-economic reforms have been satisfactory is some respects, alone notably deficient in other areas. It is imperative to examine these developments briefly, since, if the major problem areas are not resolved, they have the potential to disrupt the genuinely pregnant achievements and frustrate the path towards an internationally oriented and efficient economy. The purpose of this section is to examine briefly the salient features of the macro-environment. This article also alludes to some of the effects of the reforms. It does not attempt to provide a comprehensive assessment, which would be beyond the scope of this chapter, and arguably premature. Fiscal PolicyThroughout most of the reform period, fiscal policy was reasonably conservative. The Australian Labor administration inherited a large fiscal deficit in 1982/3, in consequence partly of a exhausting deferral. The government proceeded to reduce this deficit progressively through the decade. By 1987/8 a modest surplus had been achieved, and was maintained for the next three years, before other serious recession forced a change in policy. For a short period, also, the administration reversed the post-war trend towards an ever-larger government presence in the economy. sparing growth remained quite buoyant during this period, although inflation continued to exceed that of major trading partners, while remaining below 10 per cent after 1983. The recession of the early 1990s was the major mistake in macro-economic management over this period.

Understanding management accounting and financial management Assignment

Understanding management accounting and financial management - Assignment ExampleFor this blowup setting up new plant is essential for shoot high ventures plc to increase the capacity. The inception of new plant will require initial spending of ?4m. Along with this, research and development department is taking a nonher spue of product development with two options A and B. In this report these two options ar evaluated using different techniques. Two fancys A and B both are mutually exclusive need to decide which project is more suitable for the Flight high ventures plc. Both the projects have initial capital investment which is shown in annexure as negative. Project B has initial investment of ?1210000 and project A has trim initial investment of ?968000. Lower initial investment does not signify that it is better to accept or reject because there is difference in providence of scale in those projects. Hence the effect is reflected in profit earning and in gold conflates pe r year. These two projects are evaluated using four different techniques like pay moxie method, accounting rate of return method (ARR), net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) (Collier, 2003, 185-193). Payback for the project A is 2.5 years and for project B is 3.5 years. Hence project A needs 4.5 years to get repaid by its cash flow and project B needs 3.5 years. This pay back period depends on the amount of investment and size of cash inflow. If the project has higher cash inflow at the initial time of the tenure of the project then it will effect on the payback time to be lessened. This concept is an advantage to pay back process as the risk of recompense through early payment is reduced in this process. Another few advantages are like easy to calculate, simple concept and consideration of cash not profit only. But this procedure of evaluation has major flaw of non consideration of time value of money. Payback concept does not consider the cash inflow out of the stipulated time which may be for infinite for some projects. Hence the project size and the time are not under consideration of this method. (Kay, 2011, p.108) accountancy rate of return of any project is based on the average accounting profit and average capital investment. Here profit is considered in the weighing instead of the cash flow. Profit is counted after excluding depreciation from the cash flow. This ARR tally has similarity with other enumeration for return on investment (ROI) and return on equity (ROE). Only dissimilarity is in denominator. In ARR the main benefit than payback is the consideration of the project life span. Simple in advisement of ARR is another(prenominal) advantage. The result of ARR can help to compare more than one project and also with other financial ratios. But main advantage is similar to payback is, not of considering the time value. Other disadvantages are like not considering the scale of the project and timing (Atrill and McLaney, 2006, p.329- 332). (Damodaran, 2002) In those above two methods risk is considered in the calculation but inflation and interest foregone factor is not considered. In the NPV and IRR method time value of money is applied in the calculation. In NPV calculation the absolute size of the project is accounted and also in the discounting factor consideration of calculation of the discounting rate is important (McGrath, 1998). Usually cost of capital is considered in this calculation but this is the main advantage of NPV method, because of the hardness in calculation of cost of capital (Brigham, Enrhardt, 2010, 383). IRR is positive for the projects with unknown discount rate but known cash flows. Like NPV, IRR also considers risk and time value of money. But IRR ignores the change in discount rate and also the gives multiple result for the cash flow with combination of inflow and out flow.

Microbial physiology and culture (Practical 1 Antibiotics and Agar Coursework

Microbial physiology and culture (Practical 1 Antibiotics and Agar Diffusion) - Coursework ExampleOn the other hand, experiment 2 attempts to investigate the repeatability of the essays using two opposite methods of antibiotic application to the discs. Lastly, experiment 3 uses gradient plates to qualitatively compare the response of new isolates to a particular antibiotic against a response of a standard strain. Practical 1 Antibiotics and Agar Diffusion Introduction Agar plate diffusion is currently one of the widely employ experimental methods to go down the susceptibility of various micro-organisms to antimicrobial agents. Generally the principle employed in this method is dependent on the prohibition of the microorganism reproduction on the wax of agar medium by an antimicrobial agent which gradually diffuses into the medium through a filter paper disc. In this regard, the level of susceptibility of the organisms is indicated by the size of the govern of inhibition. Typic ally when an antibiotic is applied to the agar medium, it moves from its region of high concentration to the surrounding areas of lower antimicrobial concentration (Cooper, 1993, p.24). Inhibition zone is the clear area of the agar plate where the growth of the microorganisms is prevented by the activities of the microbial agent. The size of inhibition is usually measured and then compared to the standardized measurements in rig to determine the level of antibiotic act on the particular medium. This is primarily because the diameter of the inhibition zone is always a function of the susceptibility of the microorganism and the amount of antibiotics on the medium. Generally there are a number of factors that may affect the antimicrobial activity and consequently determine the size of inhibition zones. Some of the likely factors include agar depth, size of the inoculums and the presence of cations on the medium. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the factors that are responsible for the variation of microbial activity of various antimicrobial drugs on different organisms. Methods To investigate the effects of variables such as agar depth, presences of salt and inoculums size on the size of inhibition zones, lawn and seeding methods were used to inoculate the plates. In determining the effect of agar depth on the result of agar plate diffusion, four plates containing 10 cm3, 20 cm3, 20 cm3 and 30 cm3 agar were first swabbed with Eschericia coli 10418 (120 dilution). All plates were oriented horizontally except for the third one, which was slanted. Meanwhile, 2 plates each containing 20 cm3 DSTA were inoculated with 100 l of either 120 E.coli dilution or undiluted broth culture. 4 discs each containing 20 l 0.5 mg/ml ampicillin were placed in each of the plates. ultimately the plates were then incubated overnight at 37C and the variations in the inhibition zone size were recorded. To determine the effect of inoculum size on the antibiotic activit y, 0.5mg/ml ampillicin solution and the E.coli dilution were used.2 plates with 20 cm3 DSTA were poured into the solution. The first inoculate was then spread uniformly on the entire surface of the plate. On the second plate was excessively inoculated with a containing broth culture of E.coli was also inoculated. Finally 4 amplicin impregnated papers were placed on each plate before they were incubated. To investigate the effects of special K or calcium ions on zone sizes, 0.1 or 1.0 ml of 2M KCl or CaCl2

What Is Meant By the Term Postmodernism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

What Is Meant By the Term postmodernism - Essay ExampleThe essay What Is Meant By the Term Postmodernism discovers postmodernism. Debates about postmodernism began in around 1979 with Jean- Franois Lyotard article The Postmodern Condition. In this essence, the work analyzes The Simpsons. The work borrows from the perspectives Lyotards views about postmodernism. The Simpsons series is a vivacious television program produced by Matt Groening. The series depicts postmodernism through the mordacious illustration of the lifestyle Simpson Family, a middle-class household in America. Simpson is a perfect indication of postmodernism. It explains the frolics of a dysfunctional family. The father figure of the family is a sot while the wife is a hard working person. Their ten-year-old child, Bart is an underachiever who is proud of his status. Lisa is a genius girl but feels unappreciated while the last-born is an invaginate but loving. The contrasting characters in the series present the dilemmas of postmodernism families. The authoritative series illustrates cultural and political concerns of a postmodern family. Notably, it shows the reversed gender roles common with postmodernism structures. Simpsons border has a cumulative influence on culture.The reversed roles in the families usurp common traditions hence, explaining the concept of grand narratives. The Simpsons has fundamentals of a great narrative postmodernism. watching the episodes takes the audience through an experience in which philosophy of the principal regime dominates on knowledge.

McDonald's Health (choose a topic regarding health in mcdonalds) Research Paper

McDonalds Health (choose a topic regarding health in mcdonalds) - Research Paper ExampleThis is scorn great criticism that the merged was selling junk foodstuffs.It should be noted that McDonald as a corporate is part of the larger community since they operate in serving the community. Being part of the society, they have all the legal rights to carryout their business independently. However, there is caution when some of the operation is causing more harm than good. It is dirty and selfish for corporates to dwell only on profit making and discard humanity (Bakan, 2005). It is sad for everybody to hold a negative impression against a corporate due to its unsocial impacts. For example, the McDonald 40% expenditure directed to kids (Bakan, 2005). This is an ethical since the kids are underage and they have not yet developed critical thinking skills that entrust help them evaluate media adverts.This forced the IOM (Institute of Medicine) to urge the government to insist on adverts d irected to kids should promote healthy approved food (Schlosser, 2006). This policy nearly cut McDonalds corporate being closed up until they came up with rebranding their name and marketing healthy food.The questionnaire developed was entitled to gather respective reaction among people concerning the McDonald Corporation. In this regard, a total of 120 students of different grade filled in the questionnaire during the data collection. The target population was SDSU campus. According to the correspondents, there were more females (33) than males (27). Gender section was necessary to attain mixed feedback among people. The large sample size was aimed at eliminating possible errors likely to emanate. Considering different grades was also aimed at acquiring mixed receipt based on age factor.The questionnaire my group developed was composed of both closed and open finish questions. Closed questions were specific to the point and open ended question aimed at gathering descriptive res ponses from people.

Marital Paradigm Essay Example for Free

matrimonial Paradigm Es narrateI grew up in a joint family in India, which had 3 married couple and their kids. Marital relationships that I dictum in my family were non great but non bad either. All the men use to work in the family business and the women used to take care of the kidren and the house. Many times my parents used to fight and my dad used to scream at my florists chrysanthemum, but my mom never had the guts to say anything to him. I al elbow rooms saw that my mom was scared of him and I used to question myself why doesnt she reply back. And being a girl myself I used to think that probably girls cant say anything when theirs keep up are screaming at them.I used to talk to my mom and tell her why cant she reply back, but I never really got an answer. I unceasingly saw my mom as the weaker one in the relationship. On the otherwise(a) hand we had a family friend and both husband wife used to work as college professors. In their house the husband never screa med at the wife, I am sure they had conflicts but you could totally see the respect that he gave to his wife. When I grew a little bit older my mom started telling me how she felt. That was when she told me that she was a housewife and my dad was the one who earned in the family and thus he could talk standardized that to my mom.My dad always dominated her as he is the humankind of the family and is the one responsible for all the decisions of the family. And this was not wholly when my parents I 4saw this trend throughout my family with the other two couples as well. Certain assumptions that I saw in the relationships were that even if it was my dads fault, my mom always had to be the first one to apologize. Also since my mom is eight eld younger than my dad I saw that my dad didnt really actualise her and took her for granted at times. Bring the older one he tried to impose certain things on her.I also saw that if I tried to calm down my dad he didnt uniform it as I was a c hild and I should not be involved in their matters. This training has had a lot of impact on my relationships. As I always saw my mom being dominated by my dad, I didnt neediness that to happen with me. When I grew up I had certain things very clear in my mind. I fateed to be educated enough so that I can earn myself and have a good job, so I never symbiotic on my husband for anything. For that motive I came to USA and decided to study here. In my past relationships, I made it very clear to my artners that my career is much important than anything in my life and I wouldnt leave it for anyone.I was also very clear about anyone screaming at me. Since I saw my mom always being screamed at and I always hated it. Also I have certain things straight for my future. I want my husband to understand that I will not stop working and be a housewife, so that later I have to dependent on him. I want him to respect my decisions and me. Many times I have seen that the women of the house are not asked to contribute in family matters, and I think that is not rectify at all.So I want to have a relationship where we both contribute in the family matters and come to a conclusion together. I am not yet married but I think the things I have in mind for my marital relationship are very clear. concord to the book women still do two-third of the household work. I think if women can earn like men do, then men should work the same like women. I think my idea of marriage is based on a simple rule, which is to give the amount of resect you get. And I think it is pretty red-blooded because if two mint cannot respect all(prenominal) other for what they are then they cannot be together for long.Moreover I have been taught marriage is not only about two people, but it is about two families that get together. And I expect my husband to respect and get along with my family as being the only child I think my parents are my responsibility and will always be. Thus whoever marries me has to understand the importance of my parents in my life, and on the other hand I want to be comfortable with his family too. I also feel that at times girls tend to be too clingy with their partners, and I think that is one reason why guys get irritated. Therefore I would like to give space to my husband when he needs and expect the same from him.Some people energy think that this is being stupid but I know I wouldnt like if my husband gets over protective about me, and the same way I dont want to be over protective about him. I know its not easy to be with a person like me who is over ambitious. And at times it can be a problem for guys to see the girl so much into her work, and for me my career has always been more important than anything. I think this can be a problem when I get married, because at times it has been a problem for my boyfriends to understand my passion about my work.This is something I want to work on as most of the times guys dont understand this. Also I like the id ea of peer marriage as in a marriage where both people respect each other equally and understand each others likes and dislikes it becomes easier to be together. According to the book faithfulness is the number one reason for marital success. And I totally agree with this, even if the carnal relationship between two people is not that good, if they both are faithful to each other nothing can separate them.My parents have not only taught me to be faithful but I also have seen this in their relationship. Even though my father was dominating my mother, they are still together. This is because no one of them was unfaithful to the other. Also I think from a few years the fights between my parents reduced I think this happened because they saw that I am a grown up now and all this might affect my thoughts about marriage. Children are a big reason why two people stay together even if they dont want to. But I think thats not right.I dont want my husband to be with me just because of our ch ildren, because thats doing a favor to our relationship. I would like us to be together because we make each other expert not because of a third reason. I am brought up in a culture where non-marital sex is not accepted. And these values are embedded internal me. I know now a days girls have sex when they are 14 years of age, but I am 21 years old and I am still a virgin. Being in USA and telling your boyfriend that you wont have sex with him because of your culture is not easy. Many times people judge my beliefs but that has not affected me at all.I want my husband to respect my beliefs and understand where I am coming from. Because for me a relationship is not only about getting physical, there is a lot more to it, and what I have heard and seen just about me is that guys only want to get physical. I know according to the book sex is the second reason why marriages work. But for me it is not. I am not against sex at all, but I dont want my marriage to be dependent on it. Book t alks about homogamous marriage, which is a type of marriage in which spouses share their race, ethnicity, age, or social class.Basically a marriage where the two people have something in common. Obviously my parents want me to get married to a guy from the same caste and I agree with them. Because I think if the guy is familiar with my religion, my caste, and my society there is dampen change of understanding between both of us. In a nutshell I want a marriage where we both can share our happiness, and problems with each other without any problem. A relationship where I get the same respect that I give to the other person.

Potential Conclusions or Hypotheses Essay Example for Free

Potential Conclusions or Hypotheses EssayBased on my knowledge of differences between the north and south, I would say that there are a variety of cultural differences that lead to the discrepancy in physical performance levels. Additionally, I have found that there are a number of factors that fall upon an individuals physical activity level. Therefore, I believe that there is not one single cause lying behind the different activity levels in northern and southern states. Instead, this is a complex issue that arises from urban/rural areas, program lineal activities, team sports environments, and socioeconomic factors. Supporting Argument for the ThesisIn order to determine the validity of this thesis, much more information is call fored. First, I would need more detailed statistics for each of these states, with physical activity levels sorted by county (with the countys population to determine urban/rural environment), race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors. Second, I wo uld need information about public information campaigns that have sprinkle information about the national recommended physical activity level.Is the importance of physical activity being taught in schools? Which counties/school districts have daily physical education classes? Third, I would need more information about the availability of team sports which sports are available, which age groups are targeted, how much do these sports cost? Fourth, I would need information about the incidence of obesity and over freight for these states in order to determine whether residents of these states are in general more health conscious.Excess weight might also prevent people from wanting to engage in physical activity. Finally, I would need information about the availability of facilities for adults. How many put and gyms are available? What do these facilities cost? These types of information would certainly support my thesis that there are a variety of factors that lead to the discrepancy in physical activity levels between northern and southern states.

The Sex Ratios Of India

The sex encounterivity Ratios Of IndiaIndias growth story has been incredible. The stock commercializes argon doing well. Corpo lay India is optimistic about India being able to sustain the current growth rate for a considerable period of sequence. Indian companies are making their presence felt through cross-border mergers and acquisitions. Services and manufacturing sectors are booming. Growth in agriculture whitethorn be sluggish as compared to the other sectors, it growing n angiotensin-converting enzymetheless. Urban India believes that India is going to surpass the United States of America in a span of fifteen years. However, funda mental chores worry malnutrition and corruption still plague our country. but the urban, educated, mettle class are not affected by malnutrition and commence learnt to live with corruption.Thither is one line of work besides corruption and malnutrition which is prevalent across totally sections of the society and all of them all guilty pa rticipants in making this problem a far-flung one. The urban, educated, middle class despite being educated, do not seem to get a line the long term effects of their actions. This problem, if unchecked, has the potential to apply the brakes on Indias growth. The birth of a boy child is celebrated, part the birth of a girl child is, well tolerated. And sometimes, the girl child is killed even before she is born.Sex balance is the function females in a geographic region per 1000 males. Most developed economies of the world (except China) bind healthy sex ratios, with more number of females than males 1. A sex ratio 952 females per 1000 males is considered healthy. The national average as per the 2001 census is 933. Delhi has a modest 915 according estimates in the year 2009 2. As per the 2001 census, Rajasthan averages 922, while Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh average 964 and 978 respectively. Kerala being the most literate state also has the healthiest sex ratio of 1058 per 1000 males 3. However states like Punjab has a dismal sex ratio of 795 per 1000 males, which is alarming 4. The state of Maharashtra in addition is a cause for concern. With more working women being visible in Maharashtra, there is a misconception that Maharashtra is better come to, provided facts state otherwise. The juvenile sex ratio is 869 girls to 1000 boys, as on March 2010 11. If India has to continue on the growth path, the burgeoning menace of female foeticide kittynot be ignored. But is the common man on the road concerned? No. Why? For one, the common man believes that it is not his problem but of the feminists, the NGOs, the government, and so on. For some other, he believes that the problem is societal, not personal and hence it cannot affect him. (The common man I am talking about is a reference to the numerous people I give birth met so far in my life. Gender imbalance is the least of their problems.)Is the problem societal? Crime against women is on the rise and the increasing imbalance surrounded by males and females will aggravate it 5. A survey conducted by Jagori, based in Delhi concluded that women face harassment in public places on a unbroken basis 6. Since most of the cases of harassment go unreported, the awareness of the magnitude of the menace is abysmally low. An article written by Kalpana Sharma, No girls please, were Indian, (The Hindu, 29 August 2004) calls this problem an epidemic with huge social costs associated with it. My understanding of the articles I pay referred to is that gender imbalance would lead to an increase in restlessness among men. Women would become light-headed targets to vent their frustration.Is the problem personal? We Indians have developed a very wrong mindset. Unless a problem affects us personally, we do not seem to bother. Should women direction? Women craving for sons, who have never faced harassment should realise that even they can be vulnerable. Should men care? States like Punjab and Haryan a are facing a very grave situation. Due to their heavily skewed sex ratios, there are not enough brides for the grooms within the society. A study notes that 20% men may remain unmarried 6. Another study notes that marriage has beneficial effects on health and survival, with men reaping maximum benefits. Therefore, men run the carry on of shorter life expectancy 7.Why is that we do not want daughters? Daughters have always been considered as paraya dhan. Parents consider having a daughter as an expense, a high life they cannot afford. Taking care of her, educating her, and marrying her off to a suitor, all require huge sums of money. Any property she inherits or assets that she creates go the family she marries into. Families who own large pieces of land have owned such lands for generations. Such families would always want their first child to be male for the purpose of inheritance and keeping the land within the family. even so today marrying off a daughter is considered the biggest responsibility a parent can possibly have. Fears for her sexual safety and security come to parents to marry off their daughter as early as possible.Why is that we want sons? The answer is dowry. Though the practice of dowry is made illegal in 1961, it is an open cryptical that the practice is prevalent even in 2010. We have men in the south proudly telling each other that they have a market value in the marriage market 9. There are men among the rural folk who consider getting married simply to rake in dowry and use it to fund their businesses. Dowry in todays world has taken many convenient forms like a fully furnished apartment, high-end electronics, a four-wheeled vehicle, and huge sums of money. The trend of son preference cuts across socio-economic factors like caste and economic status 6. As a result, dowry related harassment is rising. former(a) than financial concerns, there are other benefits in having sons. India is a patrilineal society. Sons continue the fam ily lineage (gotra), while daughters lose their gotra of birth and join the lineage of their husbands. This essentially means that sons are the only legitimate descendants in the system. Therefore, sons are a source of prestige for a family.As a consequence of these slurred seated norms, girl children under the age of 5 face severe neglect in terms of nutrition, immunisation, and clothing. They also face discrimination with regard to schooling. sometimes female infants are killed within a few days of their birth. With the advent of technology, the trend of sex selective abortion or female foeticide has risen to uncommon levels. Thirty years ago, these methods were not known. The Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Act (PNDT) Act prohibits doctors and clinics from using pre-natal diagnostic techniques, such as scans, to determine the sex of a foetus. set-back offenders would face a penalty of up to three years of imprisonment and a fine of 10,000 and repeat offenders would risk a five-year imprisonment and a 50,000 fine. The act also prohibits any advertising for diagnosis facilities. The act notwithstanding, the awareness of sex selective abortions were popularised with the mushrooming of unregistered, illegal, small clinics by advertising the benefits of sex selective abortions through messages like It is better to pay a small amount today for a sex-selective abortion than a larger amount later for your daughters dowry. The government, on its own, has not been useful in enforcing the act. The government has a myopic take on the have sex. Since this issue cannot be treated as a plank to garner votes, the long term after effects of sustained gender imbalances on demography are not being considered seriously 10.All hope is not lost. Many NGOs have launched sting operations, such as luring doctors into revealing the sex of a foetus. While often receiving wide publicity, these initiatives are proving somewhat less effective for legal reasons, as proof of criminal wrongdoing is often difficult to establish. But they nonetheless have had an unmistakeable impact on clinic operators in some areas, who have come to realise that the Act can be implemented by non-official entities. Other than stings, NGOs have been also been instrumental in spreading awareness through campaigns like spell our daughters, Laadli 1 million signature campaign, FADA movement by Deepalaya, Jatha campaign by Jagruti, and recently, the programme Santulan by the Divya Jyoti Jagrati Sansthan, to name a few. Actress Gul Panag has taken up the cause in Chandigarh and has partnered with a city based NGO called Samsher Singh Foundation to fight female foeticide 8.Notwithstanding these initiatives, at a personal level, we must spread awareness of the issue. A growing India not only affects to debate on fiscal deficit and current account deficits but also on the daughter deficit. The issue needs to be talked about more often to make it rel evant all the time. Changing the mindsets of a billion people will not happen overnight. The youth and newly wed couples need to be sensitised about the issue. I advocate certain fundamental changes in the way we think to kick in about the change. The urban, educated, middle class can be targeted first with these ideas. After there is a considerable change in the mindset of the middle class, these ideas can be trickled down to the grassroots.The primary problems of lineage, inheritance, and girls being treated as paraya dhan need to be addressed. The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 gives women equal rights of inheritance of land and property. This empowers the women economically and treats daughters as equal financial providers. Second, sons are no more providing for the parents during their old age. Sons are moving out of their ancestral homes, are staying away from their parents and are starting families of their own. Parents of sons are also not assured of constant person al care from their sons in their old age. Now in such a context, it does not matter if the parents have sons or daughters they are going to stay away anyway due to a variety of reasons and they will be playing roughly equal roles when their parents need them. Third, the concept of a patrilineal society needs to be done away with. The very notion that a daughter would be part of another family after marriage should be erased. Daughters, not just sons, can also be considered as legitimate descendants. The children of the daughter need not be prospect of as children of another family. In the United States of America, a child can take the surname of either parent. Though it is not a norm here in India, the government is not stopping us from doing so. Now with respect to dowry, young men need to be sensitised about the issue. They need to be told that the fact that they are proud to have a market value is detestable. They need to be taught that it is unethical to think of dowry as an op portunity for flashing money. Traditionally, parents of the girl perform her wedding and bear all the expenses. This has to change. Parents of the boy should also shoulder the burden of performing the wedding and share the expenses with the parents of the girl it is after all the wedding of their son, what is the shame in bearing the expenses of their own sons wedding? Better still, the boy and the girl should be made accountable for the expenses incurred. It their own wedding, why make their parents shoulder the entire responsibility for the expenditure? The fundamental assumptions which would make these changes work are that the urban, educated middle class are liberal in their mindsets, esteem their sons and daughters roughly equally, and have inflated egos. By hitting on their egos, by enquiring about their capability to fund their own sons wedding, these changes can be driven home.It would too naive to think that by making these changes, we would quickly achieve a healthier s ex ratio. These changes are easier said than done, because they are too radical. Even the urban, educated, middle class would find it difficult to digest and assimilate these changes because the existing norms have been around for centuries. Small successes should be celebrated and propagated. It would take years for these changes to provide bodily results. Eventually, when these changes produce results, one cannot rest because these changes will still have to trickle down among the rural and poorer sections of the society. For India to be an economic superpower, all sections of the society should have a healthy sex ratio within their communities. It is a long and arduous journey ahead.(I have quoted references for most of the facts, results of a survey or study, and certain opinions by authors like Banashri Savanoor and Kalpana Sharma stated in this article. Everything else is either a culmination of my readings on the hooked or purely my personal opinion. I shared my ideas on th is subject with my colleagues where I worked and they appreciated them. Their feedback was that these ideas are logical, but making it practical would be very difficult.)http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_sex_ratiohttp//timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Delhi-sex-ratio-takes-a-nose-dive/articleshow/6555979.cmshttp//www.iloveindia.com/population-of-india/sex-ratio.htmlhttp//www.e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=20..280810.aug10http//legalserviceindia.com/article/l292-Female-Foeticide.htmlhttp//www.idrc.ca/en/ev-120929-201-1-DO_TOPIC.htmlhttp//www.economist.com/node/16789152http//www.bollywoodworld.com/bollywood-news/gul-panag-to-fight-against-female-foeticide-110519.htmlI have careworn such a conclusion from my personal experience. I hail from Hyderbad, and it is common knowledge that certain communities like the Reddys, and the Gouds are known for their exorbitant dowries. The talk of a market value for men started during my college days. It was one of the most discussed topi cs in most circles. When I graduated and started working in Mumbai, there was a small Telugu community within the workplace, and I was shocked to hear the term market value, again among older men. The very notion of a human being, man or cleaning lady being treated like a commodity enrages me. I have been reading up on this topic from quite a long time and has become close to my heart. That is why I have chosen this topic.My views on the bias against the girl child and the PNDT are a culmination of my readings on the subject. Facts and advertisements for the clinics have been taken from PC-PNDT Handbook for the public, http//pndt.gov.in/index2.asp?slid=6HYPERLINK http//pndt.gov.in/index2.asp?slid=6sublinkid=58HYPERLINK http//pndt.gov.in/index2.asp?slid=6sublinkid=58sublinkid=58 . The views on the government are entirely personal.http//www.indianexpress.com/news/as-law-crawls-maharashtra-sex-ratio-drops-more/649580/1