Fire Station Case Study Research Essay

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThis re depend bailiwick would not be possible without the abet oneself of these flock in making this interrogation a success. The researchers family and p bents who supported them emotionally and financially throughout since twenty-four hours iodine until the research is completed. For showing their unfailing support, for understanding the researchers and for believing in their skills and capabilities.The researchers would overly alike(p) to thank the alum library and electronic library of faraway Eastern University for accepting them to use their materials and resources such as books, thesis confuses and com compose upers that authenti listy helped the researchers for their study study.The researchers would also like to thank their professor Architect Toni Nardo who helped them throughout this holyly study, for cosmos a considerate and benign hearted professor who is perpetually on that point for her students, to support and check on their impro vements and for al delegacys sharing her opinion and manners experiences about this certain topic which betrays the researchers eager to fulfil this research.The researchers would also like to thank their friends who were also at that place to support, give advices and information that truly helped the group. They never fail to cheer them up and show their out near support especially in bad measures.Last exclusively not the least, to our overlord Father God, who created and brought life in this world, who created all things beautiful, who entrust forever be the reason of our existence, a accessary friend, a loving father, a God who guide, love and support us no matter what were going through, for giving us strength and blessing of intelligence for us to use in this research, for parcel the researchers make this research a success.The researcherswould like to dedicatethis study to theirfamily, near especiallyto their p bents who commit disposed them full support in this case study research. May the almighty God bless them for their soma heart and loving gesture that is very much appreciated by the researchers.ABSTRACTWe all jockey that a social movement berth is a anatomical structure with argonas organize aside for storage of give the axe contend implement such as onset locomotive engines and associate vehicles, personal protective equipment, produce hoses and other(a) alter equipment. It may also soak up dormitory sustentation facilities and work atomic tot up 18as for the use of bite fighters. Living atomic number 18as be some eons arranged above the garage bays where staff office without specific commit duties during the night shift are allowed to sleep unless a dispatch is called. In that situation, stop fighters may save special means to allow entry to the ground floor right away when a call for help is received, such as skid down a brass pole called a must(prenominal)er outmans pole.This arrangement also allow s for a raised area to hang hoses to dry to pr up to nowt damage. In a single story berth, a tower-like structure is somemagazines used for hose hanging. An industrious point impart usually energise a send warning device system for receiving and annunciating an alarm, and indications of where and what caused the alarm. However, some epochs the whole alarm is a yell that is rung in case of emergency. In a to a greater extent(prenominal) incorporated operation, full- clock or on-call volunteer or career blaze fighters staff the post some or all of the judgment of conviction. there may be major power piazza for the fleckrs, a library of prolongation and other materials, and a trophy wall or case where the twitch out fighters display memorabilia.Activities in a perk up station include regular inspection and change of the apparatus and equipment, and continuing education in the implode service. Weekly or bi- weekly routine typically inclu stilboestrol various(a) drills in which dismission fighters pr puzzle outice their skills. Some advance companies also host public activities at the shoot station during annual liberation saveion week In our case, we willing be functioning a primary cup of tea family unit fervidness station which means, this give the axe station will contain all of the essential equipment and apparatus.Also, it will contain all of the necessary and additional put areas suchas recreational area, disparate offices, living, dining and kitchen areas, library, cookery area, etc. We are think to fancy a sacking station that has untested-fashioned aesthetics that will give a prescribed im press oution to us as the designers. Good race of our space program is also what were striving, for which this is a rouse station, and it hires great planning of spaces largely in case of emergencies and easy access of the tone-beginning trucks to the outside.We are really striving to design an bod that would automa tically determine that our structure is considered as foremost relegate. We will implement in our design the habit of glass which implies modern era and it will help the staff inside the expression to be sure on their surroundings outside.PART IOCULAR INSPECTIONSummary of Findings by and by searching for correct onrush send around tubing Manila, we decided to go to these cardinal bite station Makati, Intramuros and San Lazaro urban center.We took pictures of ourselves at the faade of individually gust station as soon as we arrived there. First, went to Makati City give the bounce station. As soon as we arrived, the area was filled with citizens of Makati because the area was used as substitute place where the putting surfacewealth will register for voting, so it wasnt the perfect timing scarcely we still continued to go on with our ocular inspection despite the crowd. Makati Central plan of attack commit was huge. The area is apt(p) bragging(a) measure of spac es for the apparatus bay.We also noticed that the alignment of the apparatus bay was diagonal for more than public toilet and easy way out. Before we entered the burn up station for inquiries and interviews, we went to measure the height, length and width of the different evoke trucks such as the ladder approach trucks and the usual stir trucks to have an idea on what is their archetype measurements. We also measured the emergency ambulance vehicles and the whole space area allotted for their apparatus bay. We observed and analysed the whole thaw station including on how the spaces of different areas are divided and used. afterward that, we already went inside to have an interview with whoever officer isavailable and appropriate for our questioning. Luckily, the city wake rally was available. The city flaming marshal of Makati is Supt. Ricardo C. Perdigon, he is very kind and welcoming. First, he answered each of our questions very precisely with an open mind and a lot of examples to openhandeden our perspectives and ideas in that field. He showed examples and different brochures from different countries about the modern ignore stations that are designed and used these days.He explained and discussed different techniques and required spaces to use in a eject station. He showed different p longingos of set down stations that is very interesting and it really helped us to design more functional and competitive burn station, since were going to design a commencement class leaven station. After that, he showed to us where the different waken stations are divided throughout the entire city. He showed us a huge map and explained it very well. He taught us where each fire stations should be in a city.After that we had a film showing about real fire chip and on how the different fire fighting equipment are used in literal emergency fire cases. It also showed there the different modern equipment and tools used by the fire fighters. After the int erview, we requested to have a picture taking with the fire marshal and he openly accepted. exclusively the learning doesnt stop there. We asked the fire marshal if we can see the developed area where the fire fighters stay and do in cases of fire emergencies. He assigned one of his officers to escort us in the field.He showed us the rooms where the fire fighters spend their time, sleep, etc. He also showed us the poles where the fire fighters easily go through. After going to Makati City Central heighten Station, we proceeded to Intramuros invoke Station. The fire station at Intamuros is a short smaller compared to Makati. When we arrived at Intramuros, we couldnt resist the beauty of the place and its diachronic ambiance so we took a little time to cherish and lodge in pictures. When we arrived at the fire station of Intramuros, we took pictures of the space area and apparatus bay.It seems to have three slots for the possiblenesss of the fire trucks and vehicles. It also se ems that the area was a little crowded in the leave way of the trucks, so we had an idea about conception victorian reach ways to use without cosmos crowded. When we entered the fire station, an officer is at the reception area and we asked permission to take pictures and to analyse the area. No fire marshal was available at that time we arrived, so we asked for aninterview with the higher(prenominal) part that was available and the ranking(prenominal) dissolve military officer IV was the one who assisted us and effect our interview.He is SFO-IV Oscar Bugarin. As what we have through with(p) at Makati, we also scratch line did measuring of the entrance/exit way of apparatus bay, fire trucks and poles. After that, we started with the interview with Senior come off Officer IV Oscar Bugarin. We asked the common questions just like what we asked with the other fire stations, and almost the same answer was given to us. But in this fire station, we were given different exampl es and experiences that the Makati City Central Fire Station wasnt able to taught us. The Senior Fire Officer IV personally demonstrated to us how the fire fighting outfit is on the watch and easily worn by the fire fighters in case of emergencies.He explained and shown us how to tuck in together all of the outfit, the suit with the boots. He took the actual outfits and demonstrated to us one by one. It was really fun and amazing that it was so easy to wear. But the fun didnt ended there, we were offered to wear the actual gears ourselves Who wouldnt wear that awesome outfit?So there we are, wearing the outfits very happy and sophisticated. After all of the interviews and demonstrations, we had our little goodbyes and thank you and went out to proceed and go on to the next fire station, but we still cant resist the beauty of Intramuros so we took a little more time to take pictures on our way to the next fire station which is located at San Lazaro City. It didnt took time to go to San Lazaro City which we were save at Intramuros which is not that far.We arrived at San Lazaro City for about 3040 minutes. As we arrived t San Lazaro City Fire Station, we took pictures of the fassad, as usual. San Lazaro Fire Staton seems to be the same amount of space area with Intramuros, so Makati City Central Fire Station seems to have the biggest or widest space area among the three fire stations we went to. As usual, we did some measuring with the space area of the fire station, the apparatus bay entrance/exit which seems to have but 2 slots in San Lazaro City Fire Station. We also did measured the fire trucks and other vehicles. But what really amazed us in San Lazaro City Fire Station is the historical fire trucks that were displayed in there. It was so amazing and mesmerizing to think that the fire trucks before were very open with old vehicle parts, so we didnt miss a observe to take pictures with them.After that, we proceed to have an interview with the highest offi cer available at the time, and it was Senior Fire Officer IV Manolito Laroza. This interview took the most time compared with the other cardinal interviews we did because a lot of facts and requirements was given to us by SFO IV Manolita Laroza. He gave us the spaces we can add in a depression class fire station such as bigger training grounds, helicopters, recreational areas, and so on.A lot of facts were given to us, also the standard forcefulness required in a fire station, office areas such as the duputys, sub station commander, radio division operator, etc. they also showed us the fire preventive man size tarpaulin that they will implement around their city. Senior Fire Officer IV Manolito Laroza was very kind and open to us. After this interview, we had our goodbyes and thank you with him and his officers and went out to go home because it was already a little late and dark outside. PART IIRESEARCH STUDYChapter 1 enteringA. Background of the ProblemHistoricalFire fighting was implement long time ago during our roman letters and greek era. The history of fire fighting began in ancient Rome while under the character of Agustus. Prior to that, there is evidence of fire-fighting machinery in used in Ancient Egypt, including a irrigate gist invented by Ctesibius of Alexandria in the trio century BC which was later improved upon in a design by Hero Of Alexandria in the get-go base century BC. The first Roman fire brigade of which we have any substantial history was created by Marcus Licinius Crassus. Marcus Licinius Crassus was born into a wealthy Roman family around the family 115 BC, and acquired an enormous fortune through (in the words of Plutarch) fire and rapine. One of his most lucrative schemes took favor of the fact that Rome had no fire subdivision. Crassus filled this void by creating his own brigade cholecalciferol men strongwhich rushed to burning buildings at the first cry of alarm. Upon arriving at the scene, however, the fire f ighters did no remains while their employer bargained over the price of their services with the distressedproperty owner. If Crassus could not negotiate a competent price, his men simply let the structure burn to the ground, after which he offered to purchase it for a section of its value. Augustus took the basic idea from Crassus and then built on it to form the Vigiles in AD 6 to besiege fires using bucket brigades and essences, as well as poles, hooks and even ballistae to tear down buildings in advance of the flames. The Vigiles patrolled the streets of Rome to watch for fires and served as a natural law force. The later brigades consisted of hundreds of men, all ready for action. When there was a fire, the men would line up to the nigh(a)est water source and pass buckets glove in hand to the fire. Rome suffered a reduce of serious fires, most notably the fire on 19 July AD 64 and eventually destroy two thirds of Rome. In Europe, fire fighting was quite central until the seventeenth century. In 1254, a royal decree of King Saint Louis of France created the so-called guet bourgeois ( burgess watch), allowing the residents of capital of France to establish their own night watches, separate from the kings night watches, to prevent and stop crimes and fires. After the Hundred Years War, the population of Paris expanded again, and the city, much larger than any other city in Europe at the time, was the scene of several great fires in the sixteenth century. As a consequence, King Charles IX disbanded the residents night watches and left the kings watches as the only one responsible for checking crimes and fires. London suffered great fires in 798, 982, 989, 1212 and above all in 1666 ( bulky Fire of London). The gravid Fire of 1666 started in a bakers shop on Pudding Lane, consumed about two square miles (5 km) of the city, leaving tens of thousands homeless. Prior to this fire, London had no organized fire shield system. Afterwards, insurance pol icy companies formed private fire brigades to protect their clients property. Insurance brigades would only fight fires at buildings the company insured. These buildings were place by fire insurance marks. The key breakthrough in fire fighting arrived in the 17th century with the first fire engines. Manual pumps, rediscovered in Europe after 1500 (allegedly used in Augsburg in 1518 and in Nuremberg in 1657), were only force pumps and had a very short range due to the inadequacy of hoses. German inventor Hans Hautsch improved the manual pump by creating the first suction and force pump and adding some flexible hoses to the pump. In 1672, Dutch artist, and inventor Jan Van der Heydens workshop developedthe fire hose. Constructed of flexible leather and coupled every 50 feet (15 m) with brass fittings. The length remains the standard to this day in mainland Europe whilst in the UK the standard length is either 23m or 25m. The fire engine was pull ahead developed by the Dutch invento r, merchant and manufacturer, John Lofting (16591742) who had worked with Jan Van der Heyden in Amsterdam. Lofting moved to London in or about 1688, became an face citizen and patented (patent number 263/1690) the Sucking Worm engine in 1690. There was a glowing description of the fire fighting ability of his device in The London gazette of 17 March 1691, after the issue of the patent. The British Museum has a brand showing Loftings fire engine at work in London, the engine beingness pumped by a team up of men. In the print three fire plaques of early insurance companies are shown, no doubt indicating that Lofting collaborated with them in fire fighting. A later version of what is believed to be one of his fire engines has been lovingly restored by a retired fire fighter, and is on show in Marlow Buckinghamshire where John Lofting moved in 1700. Patents only lasted for fourteen historic period and so the field was open for his competitors after 1704. In 1631 Bostons governor J ohn Winthrop outlaw wooden chimneys and thatched roofs. In 1648, the New Amsterdam governor Peter Stuyvesant found four men to act as fire wardens. They were empowered to inspect all chimneys and to fine any violators of the rules. The city burghers later appointed eight prominent citizens to the Rattle Watch these men volunteered to patrol the streets at night carrying large wooden rattles If a fire was seen, the men spun the rattles, then directed the responding citizens to form bucket brigades. On January 27, 1678 the first fire engine company went into service with its captain (foreman) Thomas Atkins. In 1736 Benjamin Franklin established the Union Fire Company in Philadelphia. George Washington was a volunteer fire fighter in Alexandria, Virginia. In 1774, as a member of the Friendship Veterans Fire Engine Company, he bought a new fire engine and gave it to the town, which was its very first. However the coupled States did not have government-run fire departments until aroun d the time of the American courtly War. Prior to this time, private fire brigades compete with one another to be the first to respond to a fire because insurance companies paying(a) brigades to save buildings. Underwriters also employed their own Salvage Corpsin some cities. The first cognise female fire fighter Molly Williams took her placewith the men on the dragropes during the blizzard of 1818 and pulled the pumper to the fire through the deep snow. On April 1st of 1853 Cincinnati OH became the first professional fire department by being made up of 100% full-time, stipendiary employees.In 2010, 70 percent of fire fighters in the linked States were volunteer. Only 5% of calls were actual fires. 65% were medical aid. 8% were false alarms. The first fire brigades in the modern sense were created in France in the early 18th century. In 1699, a man with cobwebby commercial ideas, Franois du Mouriez du Prier (grandfather of French Revolutions general Charles Franois Dumouriez), solicited an audience with King Louis XIV. Greatly arouse in Jan Van der Heydens invention, he successfully demonstrated the new pumps and managed to convince the king to divide him the monopoly of making and selling fire-preventing portable pumps throughout the kingdom of France. Franois du Mouriez du Prier offered 12 pumps to the City of Paris, and the first Paris Fire Brigade, known as the Compagnie des gardes-pompes (literally the Company of Pump Guards), was created in 1716. Franois du Mouriez du Prier was appointed directeur des pompes de la Ville de Paris (director of the City of Pariss pumps), i.e. chief of the Paris Fire Brigade, and the position stayed in his family until 1760. In the future(a) years, other fire brigades were created in the large French cities. It is around that time that appeared the current French word pompier (fire fighter), whose literal meaning is pumper. On March 11, 1733 the French government decided that the interventions of the fire brigades wo uld be free of charge. This was decided because people always waited until the last second to call the fire brigades to avoid paying the fee, and it was often too late to stop fires. From 1750 on, the French fire brigades became para-military units and received uniforms. In 1756 the use of a protective helmet for fire fighters was recommended by King Louis XV, but it took some(prenominal) more years before the measure was actually enforced on the ground. In North America, Jamestown, Virginia was some destroyed in a fire in January, 1608. There were no full-time paid fire fighters in America until 1850. Even after the formation of paid fire companies in the United States, there were disagreements and often fights over territory. New York City companies were famous for sending runners out to fires with a large membranophone to cover the hydrant closest to the fire in advance of the engines. Often fights would break out amongst the runners and even the responding fire companies for the right to fight the fire and receive the insurance money that would be paid to the company that fought it. Interestingly, during the 19th century and early 20th century volunteer fire companies served not only as fire protection but as political machines. The most famous volunteer fire fighter politician is Boss Tweed, head of the notorious Tammany Hall political machine, who got his start in governance as a member of the Americus Engine Company Number 6 (The Big Six) in New York City. Napoleon Bonaparte, drawing from the century-old experience of the gardes-pompes, is generally attributed as creating the first professional fire fighters, known as Sapeurs-Pompiers (Sappers-Fire fighters), from the French Army. Created under the Commandant of Engineers in 1810, the company was organized after a fire at the ballroom in the Austrian Embassy in Paris which injured several dignitaries. In the UK, the Great Fire of London in 1666 set in motion changes which laid the foundations for o rganised fire fighting in the future. In the wake of the Great Fire, the City Council established the first fire insurance company, The Fire Office, in 1667, which employed small teams of Thames watermen as fire fighters and domiciliated them with uniforms and arm badges showing the company to which they belonged. However, the first organised municipal fire brigade in the world was established in Edinburgh, Scotland, when the Edinburgh Fire Engine Establishment was formed in 1824, led by James Braidwood. London followed in 1832 with the London Fire Engine Establishment. On April 1, 1853, the Cincinnati Fire Department became the first full-time paid professional fire department in the United States, and the first in the world to use steam fire engines. The first horse-drawn steam engine for fighting fires was invented in 1829, but not accepted in structural fire fighting until 1860, and ignored for another two years afterwards. Internal combustion engine fire engines arrived in 190 7, built in the United States, leading to the decline and disappearance of steam engines by 1925.Today, fire and turn in remains a mix of full-time paid, paid-on-call, and volunteer responders. Many but not all urban areas areserved by large, paid, fire fighting teams.EtymologicalFireFrom centre side of meat fier, from Old English fr (fire), from *fur, a regularised form of Proto-Germanic *fr (fire) (compare Saterland Frisian Fjuur, western Frisian fjoer, Dutch vuur, Low German Fr, German Feuer, Danish fyr), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *phur (compare Hittite (paur), Umbrian pir, Tocharian A/B por/puwar, Czech p (hot ashes), Ancient Greek (pr, fire), Armenian (hur, fire)) and perhaps Albanian prush (embers). This was an inanimate noun whose animate counterpart was Proto-Indo-European *hngnis, *hngni-.Old English fyr, from Proto-Germanic *fuir (cf. Old Saxon and Old Frisian fiur, Old Norse frr, Middle Dutch and Dutch vuur, Old High German fiur, German Feuer), from PIE*pe rjos, from root *paewr- (cf. Armenian hur fire, torch, Czech pyr hot ashes, Greek pyr, Umbrian pir, Sanskrit pu, Hittite pahhur fire). Current spelling is attested as early as 1200, but did not fully displace Middle English fier (preserved in fiery) until c.1600. PIE apparently had two roots for fire *paewr- and *egni- (cf. Latin ignis). The former was inanimate, referring to fire as a substance, and the latter was animate, referring to it as a living force (see water). Fire applied in English to passions, feelings, from mid-14c. Meaning action of guns, etc. is from 1580s. Firecracker is American English coinage for what is in England just cracker, but the U.S. word distinguishes it from the word meaning biscuit. Fire-engine attested from 1680s. The figurative scene play with fire risk disaster is from 1887 phrasewheres the fire? whats the hurry? first put down 1924.Stationlate 13c., place which one normally occupies, from Old French station, from Latin stationem (nominative stati o) a standing, post,job, position, colligate to stare to stand, from PIE root *sta- to stand (see stet). The meaning place for a special purpose (e.g. polling station) is first put down 1823 radio station is from 1912. The meaning regular stopping place is first put down 1797, in reference to coach routes applied to railroads 1830. Meaning each of a number of holy places visited in succession by pilgrims is from late 14c., hence Station of the Cross(1550s). Station wagon in the automobile sense is first recorded 1929, from earlier use for a horse-drawn conveyance that took passengers to and from railroad stations (1894). Station house police station is attested from 1836.B. Statement of the StudyThe future(a) study aims to answer these questions1. What design, materials and ideas contains in a first class fire station? 2. Why does first class fire stations are implemented and preferred directly? 3. What to expect in a first class fire station?C. entailment of the StudyThe foll owing would benefit from this studyThis study aims to know what design, materials and ideas contains in a first class fire station, why does first class fire stations are implemented and preferred nowadays and what to expect in a first class fire station. This study would be really reformative in terms of guidelines in building and designing first class fire stations. To those who are planning to construct or to design a first class fire stations to know what to implement and to use, to have a smart space planning or programme and to have a satisfying way of life for their fire fighters and company.To the government, for which this study will serve as a great guidelines in designing and constructing a first class fire station for their country or city, having many facts and ideas in this study.D. translation of TermsThe following terms have been defined operationally for the understanding ofthis research.1. First Class Constituting or belonging to the highest or best class or q uality, best-equipped and most expensive. 2. Fire Station a building where fire-fighting vehicles and equipment are stationed and where fire fighters on duty wait Also called as firehouse station house. 3. Municipality a city, town, or district enjoying some degree of local self-government. 4. Fire Fighters a member of a fire department who tries to extinguish fires. 5. Fire Trucks any of various large trucks that carry firemen and equipment to the site of a fire. 6. machine Bay is primarily the parking space of the fire trucks and vehicles in a fire station. 7. Sliding Poles also known as firemans pole is a wooden pole or a metal tube or pipe installed between floors in fire stations, allowing fire fighters responding to an alarm to quickly descend to the ground floor faster than by using a standard staircase. E. Conceptual textile of the ProblemThe conceptual diagram shows and explain the following factors affecting the implementation of first class fire stations and its r esults brought out by the following factors. When first class fire stations are implemented and constructed, break services will be offered by the fire fighters because of their fracture equipment and things to use in a fire emergencies. Also, a better way of life for them because their fire station is transformed into a livable space to stay in for a long period of time, having that comfort of home and more spaces for training grounds, recreational areas for entertainment, better dormitories, etc. With all of these factors, the impact will be positively great for our society, having more inspired and dedicated fire fighters and their team to give better services and thus will make our society a safer and a better place. This design guide provides the basic criteria to evaluate, plan, program. and design standardized gentle device Force fire station facilities for the United States Air Force. This information is intended to make wing commanders, base civil engineers, fire chief s, and designers aware of the unique functional design requirements for the facilities, and to provide a basis for growth main and satellite fire station projects.The upgrade and renovation of existing fire stations and the proper planning., programming, and design of new facilities will ensure the safety of all personnel and support our vision To celebrate the United States Through Control and Exploitation of Air and Space. The number and office of fire stations must be reevaluated periodically, but at least annually, as a fellowships structures and population change. The number of stations a department should have depends, like everything else, on a balance between the cost of the stations and their maintenance, on the one hand, and the lack for more stations, on the other. If a station is located near the high- response section of a lodge (such as a heavily populated area of multiple-occupancy or wood-frame structures) that mess will probably be appropriate. Station reloca tion is necessary over time if the types of hazards and the locations of most fires move to a significant distance from the station. This is an important consideration for selecting a new site for a fire station. If a department finds that relocation or construction of a new fire station is necessary, the three issues to consider are location, station design, and funding. Location The location of a station in a community directly affects the total response time needed to combat fires effectively. For example, although a fire station is centrally located in a community, the majority of the responses might be at substantial distances from the station. Therefore, an evaluation of the time from receipt of an alarm to the arrival at a fire plays an important part in find the need for relocating a fire station. The total time is the sum of the time it takes to complete each of the following five fire-fighting processes 1. Detection The time it takes to detect a fire. Automatic fire sign al detection systems, such as smoke and heat detectors, give early warnings of fire and save considerable response time. Some detectors are connected directly to a fire station through a central station signal system, whereas others sound only in the building in which there is a danger. In the latter case, detection time depends on human response and then on the number of people who are in the vicinity of the fire, how rapidly they respond, and the time of day. 2. Alarm The time that elapses between detection of the fire and transmission of the alarm to the fire station. It depends on the availability of alarm boxes, directly connected alarms, telephones, theextent of automation, reliability, and the speed of transmission. 3. Dispatch The time required to alert responding companies. If information is recorded automatically and if dispatchers have the most modern communication equipment, the time needed for dispatch is minimal. 4. Turnout The speed with which personnelpaid, off-duty , and volunteerscan report for duty. Turnout depends on the location of the personnel at the time of the alarm, whether at the station, at work, or in their homes. 5. Response time The blend in time for the apparatus and on-duty personnel from the station to the fire. It depends on the distance from the station to the emergency and on the topographic, traffic, and prevail conditions. When traffic is particularly heavy, the police department might be needed to aid in locomotion to the fire and in beginning reasoning by elimination. Each of these issues must be consciously considered as you work towards a decision on how and where to build a new fire station. I will have more on this critical topic in an upcoming post. F. Theoretical Framework of the ProblemWhen a fire occurs, the fire fighting services implemented by a fire department is one of the most important aids for the fire victims. So that is why we need the outmost services offered by the fire fighters, marshals and offic ers. This means that we cannot change the fact that when it comes to fire emergencies, the fire fighters and officers are the ones who will help us the most, so we need their services.The services that they offer us can be a lot better with this implementation of first class fire station for the reasons, they having more modern and better equipment to use in fire emergencies, more advanced vehicles and gadgets. They also have better experience and alertness when it comes to this kind of slew because of the better training grounds in their very own first class fire stations.not only the services of our fire fighters and fire marshals are upgraded, also their way of living. The environment of a first class fire station captures the aura of their own homes, having the comfort and safety because of well mean space programming, modern materials used in the construction and breath taking designs.The economy, competition and a ever-changing business environment require companies to diver sify, change their business plans and adapt. Television networks change their programming to compete with each other, cable channels and the internet for decreasing market share. The fire service has evolved far past having fire buckets outside each home to concepts never before envisioned. Boston Fire Chief John Damrell helped force back this evolution in 1866 when he warned about the dangers of fire, the lack of compatible fire hydrants, water supply issues and the need for building and fire codes. Phoenix Fire Chief Alan Brunacini did it with fire command and customer service. Fire departments have done it with regulations requiring smoke detectors, carbon-monoxide detectors and commercial and residential sprinklers. Many concepts have come from need as the tralatitious fire suppression department has evolved into the more-accurate emergency services. Other concepts have been forced upon us lightweight construction, weapons of flock destruction and active-shooter incidents. Ne w concepts and practices in the fire service have come about from the economic need to offset budget cuts while maintaining levels of service. These include alternate revenue sources from private-public partnerships such as Adopt-A-Fire Station programs, inter eagerness transports, even ads on fire apparatus. The fire departments jurisdiction is organized by the governmental body that controls the department, although there are private fire departments as well. This comes from a municipality, county, prefecture, state, province, or nation type of government. The most common type of government control is at the municipality level. The jurisdiction size and organization would be set up by department or the government in charge of these duties. This deals with the placement of fire stations, equipment, and personnel within the area of control. Fire departments periodically survey their jurisdiction areas and use the data for redeploying proper coverage. This data comes from travel tim e, range from station, and/or a population survey. This brings equal service to the entire community and gives the department effective places to launch operations. Some fire departments such as the Statue Of indecorousness Fire Brigade which covers Liberty Island and Ellis Islands respond to medical emergencies and provide care until advanced personnel can take over. In theUnited States, firefighters may get their First Responder Certification, Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) License, or Paramedic License. Some fire departments even offer ambulance services. A fire department may also provide fire protection or fire prevention services, whereby firefighters visit homes and give fire safety advice and fit smoke alarms for members of the public. In many countries fire protection or prevention is seen as an important role for the fire service, as preventing a fire from occurring in the first place can obviously save lives.Chapter 2 discourse and AnalysisA. Local Related Study on Metro Manila Oldtimers of Makatis Fire StationDo you like oldtimers or have a kid that is crazy about fire trucks? therefore you should pay the Makati Central Fire Station a visit. The fire station possesses a collection of ripened but beautiful and seemingly well-maintained vehicles from past decades. The fire station is not secluded from the street and passer can have a close look at the ambulance and deep-red fire engines. As elsewhere in the Philippines, the municipal budget does not often seem to allow the purchase of expansive state-of-the-art pull through equipment. Concerns were already raised that the fire brigades in Metro Manila are not really disposed(p) for fighting fires in the ever-growing condominiums throughout the megacity. However, the local government of Makati recently agreed to buy more search and rescue equipment and disaster preparedness tools, among them a chemical fire truck with foam. Three people were pain when two fires broke out in Makati City Thu rsday morning, one near the Makati Medical Center, political science verbalise. The citys fire department said the first fire started at around 10 a.m. in a slum colony at the corner of Ayala and Gil Puyat avenues in Barangay Pio Del Pilar, about 30 go away from the MMCs emergency department on Amorsolo Street. Makati Mayor Jejomar Erwin Binay Jr. said the fire was put under control at 1130 a.m. after reaching the general alarm, which required the avail of all available fire fighting units in Metro Manila. Binay said the fire officials refrained from fixing the evacuation of the hospital as the blaze was quickly contained by responding firefighters. Somefirefighters, on the other hand, were seen spraying water on MMCs faade to prevent it from being set ablaze in case the wind blows the fire towards it. About 300 families who lost their homes blocked Urban Avenue and Dela Rosa Streets with whatever exiguous belongings they managed to save, causing gridlock. Each displaced family will receive P15,000 in assistance and P5,000 for renters, according to Binay. Prior to the blood of 117, emergency services were reached through a myriad of telephone numbers. The fire department in Manila, for example, had cubic decimetre telephone numbers, one for every fire station in the city.2 At the time, 117 was solely used in the Metro Manila area by the Philippine National Police for the reporting of ongoing crimes as part of a program called the Patrol 117 Street Patrol Program in cooperation with the Foundation for offensive activity Prevention.1 Efforts to expand the capabilities of 117 began in the 1990s, starting with the addition of emergency medical services to the scope of 117 in Metro Manila through a private-sector initiative called Project EARnet (Emergency Assistance and Response network). Government involvement in the expansion of 117s scope began in late 1998, when the DILG announced the formation of Emergency Network Philippines, a project that sought to support a national emergency telephone number in order to enable the faster delivery of emergency services to the Filipino people. On August 8, 2001, a enumeration of agreement was signed between the DILG and Frequentis, an Austrian company specializing in communications and information solutions in safety-critical environments, on the implementation of the ENP project.4 The National Economic and Development Authority approved the project later in the year, and project funding was secured with a loan agreement being signed between the Philippine and Austrian governments on December 6. By virtue of Executive Order No. 226, 117 became the official national emergency telephone number of the Philippines on July 14, 2003. The P1.4 billion project was completed on August 2, 2003, with the opening of a new 117 call center in Quezon City, serving the entire Metro Manila area. Four more 117 call centers were opened in 2006, and the full 117 network, consisting of sixteen networked call cen ters, was rolled out in 2007.http//manilastandardtoday.com/2013/07/12/two-fires-hit-makati/B. immaterial Related Study on New fire station in Andersonville, community effortThe Andersonville bid Fire Department celebrated a long-awaited new addition this afternoon.The department celebrated the opening of its third fire station, located in the Belmont community. The new station is located at the site of the former Belmont School, which was destroyed by fire in the 1960s. The fire station only cost about $22 dollars a square foot, instead of $80, for a total cost of about $110-thousand dollars. Some of the materials were donated and most of the construction was done by volunteers who once attended the former schooldays.Theres no way to put a cost on what they mean to us. The four men particularly that worked and worked tirelessly, day in and day out, sunshine afternoons, Saturdays late. Theres no way to put a figure on it, said Chief Jeff Bagwell. The station includes a community r oom and community picnic area. Firefighters will live at the station for free and be available to answer calls at night to help reduce response time.Andersonville residents who worked on the latest fire station will share their efforts with the public Tuesday at 400 p.m. agree to a press release, the Belmont Fire Station will help make fighting fires in the community more efficient and serve as a public gathering place. In addition, the fire stations contruction and design provides the neighborhood with a link to the past. The fire department expects to respond to fire calls in the area more quickly since firefighters will live at the station for no charge. The fire station serves more purposes than lodgment the fire department. confederacy groups can meet and hold picnics there. In addition to being more than a fire station, the facility has a legacy. It is on the site of a former school which burned down in the 1960s. former Belmont School students who are now retired helped b uild the new fire hall. Volunteers also lent a hand designing the exterior of the firestationfashioning the cupola after one at the old school. Building material contributions and volunteer labor helped to keep the cost of the project down. The grand opening will start at 400 p.m. Tours will be offered. A ribbon cutting will take place at 600 p.m. The station is on the corner of Park bridle-path and Sequoyah Road in Andersonville. The fire department expects to respond to fire calls in the area more quickly since firefighters will live at the station for no charge. The fire station serves more purposes than housing the fire department. Community groups can meet and hold picnics there. In addition to being more than a fire station, the facility has a legacy. It is on the site of a former school which burned down in the 1960s. Former Belmont School students who are now retired helped build the new fire hall. Volunteers also lent a hand designing the exterior of the firestation fashio ning the cupola after one at the old school. According to a press release, the Belmont Fire Station will help make fighting fires in the community more efficient and serve as a public gathering place. In addition, the fire stations contruction and design provides the neighborhood with a link to the past. The fire department expects to respond to fire calls in the area more quickly since firefighters will live at the station for no charge. The fire station serves more purposes than housing the fire department. Community groups can meet and hold picnics there. The department celebrated the opening of its third fire station, located in the Belmont community. The new station is located at the site of the former Belmont School, which was destroyed by fire in the 1960s. The Andersonville Volunteer Fire Department celebrated a long-awaited new addition this afternoon. The station includes a community room and community picnic area. Firefighters will live at the station for free and be avai lable to answer calls at night to help reduce response time. http//www.wbir.com/news/ article/286122/2/Andersonville-to-open-3rd-fire-station-Chapter 3 Summary, Conclusions and RecommendationsA. SummaryWe all know that a fire station is a structure with areas set aside forstorage of fire fighting apparatus such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. It may also have dormitory living facilities and work areas for the use of fire fighters. Living areas are sometimes arranged above the garage bays where personnel without specific station duties during the night shift are allowed to sleep unless a dispatch is called. In that situation, fire fighters may have special means to allow entry to the ground floor quickly when a call for help is received, such as sliding down a brass pole called a firemans pole. This arrangement also allows for a raised area to hang hoses to dry to prevent damage. In a single story statio n, a tower-like structure is sometimes used for hose hanging. An occupied station will usually have a station alarm system for receiving and annunciating an alarm, and indications of where and what caused the alarm. However, sometimes the only alarm is a telephone that is rung in case of emergency. In a more structured operation, full-time or on-call volunteer or career fire fighters staff the station some or all of the time. There may be office space for the officers, a library of reference and other materials, and a trophy wall or case where the fire fighters display memorabilia. Activities in a fire station include regular inspection and cleaning of the apparatus and equipment, and continuing education in the fire service. Weekly or bi-weekly routine typically includes various drills in which fire fighters practice their skills. Some fire companies also host public activities at the fire station during annual fire prevention week In our case, we will be designing a first class fi re station which means, this fire station will contain all of the necessary equipment and apparatus. Also, it will contain all of the necessary and additional space areas such as recreational area, different offices, living, dining and kitchen areas, library, training area, etc. We are planning to design a fire station that has modern aesthetics that will give a positive impression to us as the designers. Good function of our space program is also what were striving, for which this is a fire station, and it needs great planning of spaces mostly in case of emergencies and easy access of the fire trucks to the outside. We are really striving to design an image that would automatically determine that our structure is considered as first class. We will implement in our design the usage of glass which implies modern era and it will helpthe staff inside the building to be aware on their surroundings outside. B. ConclusionsBased on the findings, the following conclusions have been drawn1. In answer to question number 1 What design, materials and ideas contains in a first class fire station?The researchers found out that in a first class fire station, designs of modernism such as the usage of glass, metallic silver borders and bright glossy colors are used. Ideas of minimalism is always applied in modern first class fire stations, vast spaces is implied for better circulation and comfortable aura. Materials like glossy marble, picture glass window, etc. are used. The idea of having wide apparatus bay and more offices is implied in a first class fire station, having complete space areas and additional ones to. More dormitories and spaces for fire fighters, having a sense of home comfort during their stay in the fire station.2. In answer to question number 2 Why does first class fire stations are implemented and preferred nowadays?The researchers found out that first class fire stations are implemented and preferred in a lot of ways because primarily, first class fire s tations have it all. The flexibility and functionality of a first class fire station when it comes to the services being offered by our fire fighters and officers are more upgraded because of modern technologies and design ideas used in a first class fire station. The needs and wants of the fire fighters and officers are met in a first class fire station. With this kind of environment, they are more eager to take and do their jobs more motivated because they are being paid off by the beauty and home comfort of their fire stations.3. In answer to question number 3 What to expect in a first class fire station?Well obviously, you will expect in any first class structures, buildings, etc. the quality of the materials and designs used. In a first class fire station, it is expect that the materials and equipments used are top of the line, the designs are great and the way the space are programmed is outstanding. You will also expect in a first class fire station the aesthetics or beauty o f the structure, the modernism of its design. First class fire stations have it all. The equipments and facilities are expected to be compete. The offices for different officers are divided in such for their own work to be accomplished. Modern tools and apparatus are used, clothings and gears of fire fighters are complete, training grounds and recreational areas are found.C. Recommendations importantThe following recommendations were made by the researchers after analysing the beneficiaries of this particular study. These are follows1. To those who are planning to construct or to design a first class fire stations to know what to implement and to use, to have a smart space planning or programming and to have a satisfying way of life for their fire fighters and company.2. To the government, for which this study will serve as a great guidelines in designing and constructing a first class fire station for their country or city, having many facts and ideas in this study.3. To those conc erned citizens who are curious enough to think of a first class fire station implementation for the improvement of our society in the field of fire emergency cases.4. To future researchers that would make a further study of this kind, it is recommended for them to absorb this study for them to have more knowledge and facts on what will they expand on their elect research study topic.Researchers Recommendations1. As what is stated above, it is really advisable to recommend this research study to those who are planning to construct or to design a first class fire stations to know what to implement and to use, to have a smart space planning or programming and to have a satisfying way of life for their fire fighters and company staff. This study would really help them throughout their thinking of what is needed in a first class fire station. This study will give a lot of bright ideas and will totally benefit from their design.-Ron Adrian P. Cruz2. This is recommended to those individua ls with plans to construct a first class fire station for which this study contains a lot of facts and details on what to use and to put in a first class fire station. This study will make their ideas more broad and flexible, they will know where to start and to put additional details that they unfortunately didnt saw on this research study.-Patrica Marie B. DayaoPART IIIREFERENCESThe researchers would like to thank all of the persons and websites that openly expanded and broadened our research, their help contributes a lot in our case study research.Websites/Articleshttp//www.google.com.ph/http//manilastandardtoday.com/2013/07/12/two-fires-hit-makati/http//www.wbir.com/news/article/286122/2/Andersonville-to-open-3rd-fire-station-http//megacities-go-services.com/layout/set/print/Manila/Latest-News-Articleshttp//topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/f/fires_and_firefighters/index.htmlhttp//www.fireengineering.com/articles/2013/08/wrightstyle-looks-back-from-curfew-to- modern-us-fire-safety.htmlhttp//articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/fire-departmenthttp//en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Bureau_of_Fire_Protectionhttp//www.quezoncity.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=69&Itemid=366http//www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/reports/2007/R1813part3.pdfhttp//www.isomitigation.com/ppc/fire-station.htmlhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_departmenthttp//www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=fire&searchmode=nonehttp//www.finedictionary.com/fire%20station.htmlhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_City_Fire_Departmenthttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Fire_Departmenthttp//www.london-fire.gov.uk/http//www.peoriagov.org/fire-department/http//www.firestations.org.uk/Station_Details.php?stn=Woodford%20fire%20station&lat=51.609343&lon=0.024014http//www.hantsfire.gov.uk/stationdetail.htm?stcode=01&stname=basingstokehttp//www.hantsfire.gov.uk/stationdetail.htm?stcode=29&stname=petersfieldhttp//fireservices. ap.gov.in/http//www.nelsonmandelabay.gov.za/Content.aspx?objID=218http//710keel.com/more-details-surface-about-the-scandal-in-the-shreveport-fire-department/http//www.mfb.vic.gov.au/Contact-Us/MFB-details.htmlhttp//www.mfb.vic.gov.au/About-Us/Stations-and-Districts/Station-No-27.htmlPersons/EstablishmentsThe alumnus library of Far Eastern University for allowing them to use their materials and resources such as books and thesis projectsThe electronic library of Far Eastern University for allowing them to use their books and computersMakati City Central Fire station for letting the researchers do an ocular inspection, interviews and provide demonstrations for broader knowledge about this case study research topicTo Supt. Ricardo C. Perdigon for providing wide range of answers to our questions and additional facts for more understanding and knowledge about this case study research topic